NGN ATI Fundamentals for Nursing Exam Questions & Answers 2023/2024 Update

NGN ATI Fundamentals for Nursing Exam Questions & Answers 2023/2024 Update Preventive health care - Answer - focuses on educating and equipping clients to reduce and control risk factors of disease. Examples include immunizations, stress management programs, and seat belt use Primary health care - Answer - emphasizes health promotion, and includes prenatal and well-baby care, nutrition counseling, and disease control. is based on a sustained partnership between client and provider. examples include office or clinic visits and scheduled school/work centered screenings (vision, hearing, obesity) Secondary health care - Answer - includes the diagnosis and treatment of emergency, acute illness, or injury. examples include care given in hospital settings (inpatient and EDs), diagnostic centers, or emergent care centers Tertiary health care - Answer - involves the provision of specialized highly technical care. examples include oncology centers and burn centers Restorative health care - Answer - involves intermediate follow-up care for restoring health. examples include home health care, rehab centers, and skilled nursing facilities Continuing health care - Answer - designed to address long-term or chronic health care needs. examples include hospice, adult day care, and in-home respite care Health care regulatory agencies include: - Answer - -US Dept of Health and Human Srvcs -US FDA -State and local public health agencies -State licensing boards (to ensure providers & agencies comply with state regulations) -the Joint Commission/JCAHO (set quality standards for accreditation of health care facilities) -Professional Standards Review Organizations (PSROs) -Utilization review committees (monitor for appropriate diagnosis and treatment of hospitalized clients) Morals are: - Answer - the values and beliefs held by people that guide their behaviors and decision making Ethical theory examines: - Answer - the different principles, ideas, systems, and philosophies used to make judgments about what is right/wrong and good/bad Ethical principles - Answer - standards of what is right/wrong with regard to important social values and norms Autonomy - Answer - ability of client to make personal decisions, even when those decisions may not be in the client's best interest Beneficence - Answer - agreement that the care given is in the best interest of the client; taking positive actions to help others Fidelity - Answer - agreement to keep one's promise to the client about care that was offered Justice - Answer - fair treatment in matters related to physical and psychosocial care and use of resources Nonmaleficence - Answer - avoidance of harm or pain as much as possible when giving treatments Ethical dilemmas are: - Answer - problems about which more than one choice can be made and the choice made is influenced by the values and beliefs of the decision makers A problem is an ethical dilemma if: - Answer - -it cannot be solved solely by a review of scientific data -it involves a conflict between two moral imperatives -the answer will have a profound effect on the situation/client Steps in ethical decision making - Answer - -identify whether or not the issue is indeed an ethical dilemma -state the ethical dilemma including all surrounding issues and individuals involved -list and analyze all possible options for resolving the dilemma and review implications of each option -select option that is in concert with the ethical principle applicable to this situation, the decision maker's values and beliefs, and the profession's values set forth for client care; justify why chosen over other options -apply this decision to the dilemma and evaluate the outcomes Advocacy - Answer - support of the cause of the client regarding health, safety, and personal rights Responsibility - Answer - willingness to respect obligations and follow through on promises