D017 QUIZ |44 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2023

Who was considered the father of the common school movement in America? Horace Mann advocated for the common school in Massachusetts, which spread throughout America in the 1800s. Which landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision found the separate but equal clause to violate the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, ordering an end to legally mandated race-segregated schools? Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), declared that state laws separating black and white students in public schools were unconstitutional. Which statement accurately portrays how state and federal education legislation affects charter schools? Charter schools may be subject to state and federal education legislation depending on the nature of the charter with the chartering organization. Which type of law or regulation determines the minimum graduation requirements for high school? State statutes determine the minimum graduation requirements for high school on a state-by-state basis. Which type of law or regulation clarifies the scope of individuals' civil rights? Federal: Educational institutions must comply with the civil rights laws enacted by Congress. Which level of government creates compulsory attendance law? State law determines the compulsory attendance law on a state-by-state basis. Which case ruled that school segregation for students violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment? Brown v. Board of Education Which remedy often proved to be the least expensive way to assist in the desegregation of schools? Rezoning or redistricting was often the fastest, simplest, and least expensive way to integrate students due to the fact that many school zones were created for the purpose of segregation. Which criterion is not used as part of the Lemon test to determine whether a government action violated the Establishment Clause? Its purpose or effect must not endorse or disapprove of religion. This criterion is part of the endorsement test. The three criteria of the Lemon test dictate that the action must have a secular legislative purpose, its primary effect must not advance or inhibit religion, and it must not result in excessive government entanglement in religion. A group of high school students created an after-school club for LGBTQ youth. As part of their work, the club created a pamphlet on sexually transmitted diseases and promoted the use of contraception. The club submitted the pamphlet to the principal for approval to distribute to the student body. On what grounds would the principal be justified in denying their request? The pamphlet would cause reasonable disruption to the orderly operations of the school. In which situation is prayer allowed in public schools? If the prayer is initiated by students and does not use school resources, it is not an act of the government and would be permissible. With the passage of ESSA, which accountability measure under NCLB were states no longer responsible for meeting? Under ESSA, states were no longer responsible for meeting AYP goals. Which aspect of education is typically within the control of local school boards? The curriculum offered within a specific district is typically within the control of the local school board. Which criterion for educational programs targeting ELs was NOT established by Castañeda v. Pickard? Programs must occur in classrooms outside the general education setting. The United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit set up three criteria to use to evaluate bilingual education programs: the programs must be based on sound educational theory; the programs must be implemented effectively with resources for personnel, materials, and physical space; and the programs must be proven effective in overcoming language barriers after a trial period. During a school talent show, a student performed a rap song that negatively targeted and criticized several students and teachers at the school. The performance was the basis for a fight at lunch. Under which basis is disciplinary action by school administration warranted because the student overreached his First Amendment rights? Defamatory expression can constitute material and substantive disruption. Many school boards have adjusted their policies on student dress and hairstyles. What is the major influence on these decisions? To regulate hairstyle or dress, there must be a valid educational rationale. Such displays can still be a substantial disruption. However, what is deemed acceptable at this time may be altered. A principal receives a call from a parent stating that her child informed her of a student who has been selling drugs at school. Which legal right gives school personnel the authority to search the student's locker and personal belongings? School personnel can search a student's locker and personal belongings based on reasonable suspicion. The Dean of students at a local high school received an anonymous email accusing the senior class President of selling drugs from his locker. The email included the class President's locker combination and a price list for the drugs, along with names of students who allegedly purchased the drugs. What is the appropriate administrative action based on this email? Since the email was anonymous, more information is needed to determine reasonableness. An assistant principal noticed two seventh-grade girls wearing controversial rock band T-shirts as they boarded the school bus for a field trip. The assistant principal removed the students and told them they could not go on the trip. The students were given in-school suspensions as an alternative. Which right did the assistant principal violate? This is a violation of the students' rights to freedom of speech. The rock band T-shirt does not demonstrate significant and substantial disruption to learning. An administrator suspends a student for five days pending a scheduled hearing to extend the suspension. During the five-day suspension, the administrator calls a meeting with the student and parent to explain the circumstances leading to the suspension and the need for a hearing. Of which aspect of school law is this meeting an example? Due Process In a suburban school district, two students fought in class, which caused a significant disruption to instruction. After removing the students from the classroom, the assistant principal hit each student three times with a paddle. Provided that the school is located in a state with no specific state-based legislation barring corporal punishment, how would the assistant principal's actions be justified? The use of corporal punishment is permissible since it has not been found to violate the Eighth Amendment. A transgender student complains to the principal that he is being harassed and and being ridicule by students. He explains that this started in the class of a specific teacher, where it happens almost daily, and the teacher encourages the behavior and sometimes participates. The principal has a discussion with the teacher and moves the student to a different class to remedy the situation. Although the student had no further problems with the teacher, the harassment from the students intensified Creating a plan to address the issue ensures the principal was not acting in deliberate indifference, despite the reluctance of the student. A local high school junior disclosed to her counselor that a peer had been sending her vulgar and inappropriate texts via a messaging app. The student, reported that the texts included cruel references to her appearance and specifically stated various things that would happen if she shared this information with others. What is the appropriate next action for the counselor to take? Begin the formal cyber-bullying investigation process.