2023 Hesi Medical Surgical (Med Surg)Exit Exam Version 2 (V2) All 55 Q&A Net-Gen Format - A++ Guaranteed

1. Patient Scenario: A 68-year-old patient presents to the hospital with abdominal pain and distension. The patient has a history of chronic alcohol abuse. Which condition should the nurse suspect? Answer: The nurse should suspect liver cirrhosis as the patient has a history of chronic alcohol abuse and presents with abdominal pain and distension. 2. Patient Scenario: A 45-year-old patient with type 2 diabetes has a blood glucose level of 360 mg/dL. The patient is experiencing symptoms of dehydration. What should the nurse suspect? Answer: The nurse should suspect hyperglycemia as the patient's blood glucose level is significantly high, and symptoms of dehydration are present. 3. Patient Scenario: A 72-year-old patient presents to the emergency department with chest pain and shortness of breath. The patient has a history of hypertension and smoking. Which condition should the nurse suspect? Answer: The nurse should suspect a myocardial infarction (heart attack) as the patient presents with chest pain and shortness of breath, and has a history of hypertension and smoking. 4. Patient Scenario: A 55-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital with a suspected gastrointestinal bleed. The patient is experiencing abdominal pain, weakness, and dizziness. What should the nurse suspect? Answer: The nurse should suspect anemia as the patient is experiencing symptoms of abdominal pain, weakness, and dizziness, which are common in patients with a gastrointestinal bleed. 5. Patient Scenario: A 65-year-old patient presents to the emergency department with acute onset of confusion and lethargy. The patient has a history of hypertension and diabetes. Which condition should the nurse suspect? Answer: The nurse should suspect hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia as the patient has a history of hypertension and diabetes and is experiencing acute onset of confusion and lethargy. 6. Patient Scenario: A 50-year-old patient with a history of asthma presents to the clinic with shortness of breath and wheezing. What is the appropriate nursing intervention? Answer: The appropriate nursing intervention is to administer a bronchodilator medication and assess the patient's oxygen saturation levels. 7. Patient Scenario: A 60-year-old patient with a history of heart failure presents to the clinic with edema in the legs and difficulty breathing. What is the appropriate nursing intervention? Answer: The appropriate nursing intervention is to administer diuretic medication and monitor the patient's fluid intake and output. 8. Patient Scenario: A 45-year-old patient with a history of rheumatoid arthritis presents to the clinic with joint pain and stiffness. What is the appropriate nursing intervention? Answer: The appropriate nursing intervention is to administer non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and assess the patient's range of motion and mobility. 9. Patient Scenario: A 70-year-old patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents to the clinic with increased difficulty breathing and coughing up blood. What is the appropriate nursing intervention? Answer: The appropriate nursing intervention is to administer bronchodilator medication and oxygen therapy, monitor the patient's respiratory status, and assess for signs of respiratory distress. GRADED A+ 10. Patient Scenario: A 55-year-old patient with a history of chronic kidney disease presents to the clinic with decreased urine output and swelling in the legs. What is the appropriate nursing intervention? Answer: The appropriate nursing intervention is to monitor the patient's fluid intake and output, administer diuretic medication, and assess the patient's electrolyte levels. 11. A patient with a history of heart failure presents with shortness of breath, fatigue, and edema. Which of the following medications would you anticipate being prescribed? Answer: A diuretic such as furosemide (Lasix) 12. A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is admitted to the hospital with worsening dyspnea. What interventions would you expect to be implemented? Answer: Oxygen therapy, bronchodilator medication, and possibly corticosteroids. 13. A patient is receiving a blood transfusion when they suddenly develop a rash and difficulty breathing. What action should the nurse take first? Answer: Stop the transfusion immediately and assess the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation. 14. A post-operative patient reports severe abdominal pain and distention. What assessment finding should the nurse report to the healthcare provider? Answer: Absent bowel sounds, which may indicate bowel obstruction. 15. A patient with diabetes presents with a blood glucose level of 250 mg/dL. What intervention should the nurse implement? Answer: Administer insulin as prescribed and monitor blood glucose levels frequently. 16. A patient is admitted with suspected sepsis. What interventions should the nurse implement? Answer: Administer broad-spectrum antibiotics, provide oxygen therapy, monitor vital signs, and obtain blood cultures. 17. A patient with a history of atrial fibrillation is prescribed warfarin. What is the purpose of this medication? Answer: To prevent blood clots and reduce the risk of stroke. 18. A patient with a history of cirrhosis presents with ascites. What dietary modifications should the nurse recommend? Answer: A low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention.