SPA 6565 Midterm (100% Accurate Answers) 2024.

Swallow Stages correct answers 1. Oral-prepatory 2. Oral 3. Pharyngeal 4. Esophageal Oral-prepatory phase correct answers 1. Tongue moves bolus laterally to the molars (cranial nerve 10?) 2. Crushing, repetitive movements of jaw reduce the bolus size (CN V) 3. Chewing continues reflexively once initiated, but may be volitionally altered 4. foods/liquids formed into bolus 5. Bolus centralized and compressed by the tongue against the hard palate for transfer in later phase What are the muscles of mastication for the oral-prep phase? correct answers 1. Temporalis (mastication) 2. Masseter (mastication) 3. Lateral and medial pterygoid (mastication) 4. Buccinator (oral prep) Which cranial nerve is responsible for the oral-prep phase? correct answers CN VII - facial nerve Oral Phase correct answers 1. Waiting bolus is propelled posteriorly (A>P propulsion) 2. Bolus moves cohesively from the oral cavity into the oropharynx 3. Key structure in this movement is the tongue 4. Muscles that control the tongue in A>P propulsion (CN XII) 5. Base of tongue elevates via palatoglossus (CN IX, X) 6. Velum elevation to seal nasopharynx via: Palatopharyngeus muscle (CN IX and X) Levator muscle of the velum palatini (CN X and XII) What are the intrinsic muscles of the tongue? correct answers superior longitudinal muscle transverse muscle vertical muscle inferior longitudinal muscle Superior Longitudinal Muscle correct answers Shorten superior aspect (raise tip) and create concave depression Transverse muscle correct answers Elongates and narrows the tongue Vertical Muscles correct answers Flattens the tongue Inferior Longitudinal Muscle correct answers shortens tongue, pulls tip downward What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue? correct answers Palatoglossus Muscle