SPCE 611 Exam 3 Questions and Answers Rated A

SPCE 611 Exam 3 Questions and Answers Rated A You decide to conduct a forced-choice preference assessment with a child. During the preference assessment, the child selects toy cars most frequently; therefore, it is ranked highest. Based on this information, what can you say about toy cars? toy cars may be a reinforcer for this student Which of the following IS NOT a guideline for increasing the effectiveness of positive reinforcement interventions? gradually decrease the response-to-reinforcement ratio Negative reinforcement can be differentiated from punishment by carefully attending to the role of the "aversive" stimulus. In a negative reinforcement contingency, the aversive stimulus ________________, whereas in a punishment contingency, the aversive stimulus _____________. Is present prior to the occurrence of the target behavior; is presented following the target behavior. The key distinction between positive and negative reinforcement is: The type of stimulus change that occurs following a response. Thinning refers to _____________. Weakening the reinforcement schedule Variable schedules of reinforcement indicate that reinforcement will occur after ____________. An average number of responses or interval Multiple schedules of reinforcement are different from mixed schedules in that _____________. Multiple schedules are signaled and mixed schedules are not signaled Functional behavior assessments include: indirect, descriptive, and experimental components The play condition of a functional analysis is ____________________. a control condition to which levels of problem behavior in all test conditions are compared. The two main components of Functional Communication Training are __________________ and _________________. Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior and extinction What type of reinforcement schedule results in a scalloped pattern of responding? fixed interval Why is it important to make reinforcement schedules more naturalistic? Reinforcement is not always available Progressive ratio schedules increase or decrease in the _______________ requirement. response One limitation of the Antecedent-Behavior-Consequence (ABC) data collection is: only correlation is identified The functional analysis is the only type of functional assessment procedure that: identifies a causal relation between the environment and behavior If we observe high levels of problem behavior during the alone or ignore condition compared to the control condition, we can assume that the problem behavior is maintained by: automatic reinforcement Function-based interventions include what type of reinforcer? maintaining The reason we use function-based interventions is so that: inappropriate behavior is not reinforced If you train a rat to receive a food pellet every time you play a particular song, the food pellet is ______ and the tune is ______. an unconditioned reinforcer; a conditioned reinforcer Which of the following IS a recommended guideline for increasing the effectiveness of positive reinforcement interventions? set an easily achieved initial criterion for reinforcement Positive punishment involves the __________________ of an aversive stimulus whereas negative reinforcement involves the __________________ of an aversive stimulus. presentation; removal A post-reinforcement pause is typically associated with a fixed interval schedule of reinforcement. true Preference assessments should not be conducted if you have a strong gut feeling about what are the likes and dislikes of the client. false A scallop effect often occurs with varied ratio schedules of reinforcement. false Sarah has a behavior of pulling the posters off the walls when she walks down the hallway during transitions. Her behavioral consultant has decided that he can decrease Sarah's target behavior by having her put her hands in her pockets during transitions. He has also instructed Sarah's teacher to provide Sarah with praise when her hands are in her pockets. Which term below best describes the technique Sarah's behavior consultant is using? DRI