SPCE 611- Exam 1 (Mod 1-2) (2023/2024) Already Graded A

SPCE 611- Exam 1 (Mod 1-2) (2023/2024) Already Graded A ABA scientific approach for discovering environmental variables that reliably influence socially significant behavior and for developing a technology of behavior change that takes practical advantage of those discoveries ** socially important behaviors What are the three types of investigations in science? 1. description 2. prediction 3. control Description collection of facts about observed events that can be quantified, classified, and examined for possible relations - suggests hypotheses or questions Prediction relative probability that when one event occurs, another event will or will not occur - based on repeated observations that reveal correlations - no causal relationships can be interpreted Control highest level of scientific understanding - functional relations can be derived Functional Relation specific change in one event (DV) can reliably be produced by specific manipulations of another event (IV) What are the six scientific attitudes? 1. determinism 2. empiricism 3. experimentation 4. replication 5. parsimony 6. philosophic doubt Determinism presumption that the universe is a lawful and orderly place in which all phenomena occur as a result of other events - assumption upon which science is predicated - events do not just occur at will - events are related in systematic ways Empiricism practice of objective observation of phenomena of interest - what all scientific knowledge is built upon Experimentation basic strategy in most sciences Experiment carefully conducted comparison of some measure of the phenomenon of interest (DV) under two or more different conditions where only one factor at a time (IV) differs Replication the repeating of experiments to determine the reliability and usefulness of findings - includes repetition of IV conditions - methods where mistakes are discovered Parsimony the idea that simple, logical explanations must be rules out, experimentally or conceptually, before more complex or abstract explanations are considered - helps scientists fit findings within the field's existing knowledge base Philosophic Doubt the continual questioning of the truthfulness and validity of all scientific theory and knowledge - involves the use of scientific evidence before implementing a new practice - constantly evaluates effectiveness of the practice after implementation Science a systematic approach to the understanding of natural phenomena as evidenced by description, prediction, and control - relies on: determinism: fundamental assumption empiricism: prime directive experimentation: basic strategy replication: requirement for believability parsimony: conservative value philosophic doubt: guiding conscience What are the three branches of behavior analysis? 1. behaviorism 2. experimental analysis of behavior (EAB) 3. applied behavior analysis (ABA) What are the four domains of behavior analytic science?