ABA Shaping questions with verified solution graded A+ 2023

ABA ShapingPurpose - correct answer Develop a behavior not already in one's repertoire Definition - correct answer Establishing a behavior by systematically and differentially reinforcing successive approximations of the target behavior Involves extinction and reinforcement (differential reinforcement) Response Differentiation - correct answer the new response class that has been differentially reinforced consistently and so occurs consistently Result of Shaping Differential Reinforcement - correct answer reinforcement provided for responses that demonstrate a pre-determined criterion AND reinforcement is withheld for responses that do not meet or demonstrate that criterion Extinction - correct answer previous levels of performance (or successive approximations) are withheld reinforcement Successive Approximation - correct answer a response class of behaviors that resemble the terminal behavior in some way Each is closer in form to the terminal behavior than the one previous Functions - correct answer Establish a new behavior Reinstate a previously exhibited behavior Change the dimension of a behavior (same behavior, different topography, frequency, latency, duration, or magnitude) Shaping within response topography - correct answer topography looks the same, another dimension is differently reinforced Behavior is the same Shaping across topography - correct answer select members of a response class are reinforced whereas others are not. Behavior itself looks different Research - correct answer Shaping used to increase voice volume Shaping used to get preschoolers to wear glasses Shaping used to improve the pole-vaulting behavior (increase arm extension and bar height clearance) Procedure - correct answer Define the target behavior Identify where the client is "at" or starting behavior Determine shaping steps (Each step must be mastered to move to the next step) Choose the reinforcer (must be potent) Differentially reinforce each successive approximation Move through at a proper pace (Harder to keep moving up if you stay at one place too long) Limitations - correct answer Time consuming Progression to task may be erratic and not follow logical sequence of successions Requires close monitoring due to potential for small changes in behavior Can be misapplied (don't want to punish certain things, move along too fast) Harmful behavior can be shaped (addiction) Improve Effectiveness - correct answer Eliminate interfering stimuli (sources of distraction) Proceed in gradual steps Limit the number of trials of each approximation (so that approximation is not firmly established) Continue reinforcement when terminal behavior is achieved