PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM RASMUSSEN UNIVERSITY 3 VERSIONS)/ PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM RASMUSSEN UNIVERSITY (3 DIFFERENT VERSIONS)

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM RASMUSSEN UNIVERSITY 3 VERSIONS)/ PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM RASMUSSEN UNIVERSITY (3 DIFFERENT VERSIONS) VERSION 1 Physiological response to fight or flight, assessment findings? - ANSWERIncreased blood pressure, heart rate and dilated pupils. What is homeostasis? - ANSWER- A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any body chemistry. Function of ribosomes? - ANSWER- Site of protein synthesis What is the difference between a sign and a symptom? - ANSWER- Signobjective Symptom- subjective What electrolytes are found more in intracellular space, and extracellular space? - ANSWER- Potassium, Magnesium and Phosphorous are in the intracellular. Sodium, bicarb and chloride is in the extracellular. Possible lethal effect of HYPOnatremia - ANSWER- Cerebral Edema. More water than sodium in the body so the brain cells swell. What is an electrolyte pool? - ANSWER- For the bones it serves as a reservoir of calcium, magnesium, phosphate ions. Cause of edema- regarding protein? - ANSWER- Increased interstitial fluid osmotic pressure, loss of plasma proteins. What is anaphylaxis? S/S? - ANSWER- Excessive immune response. Narrows the bronchial, Increased capillary permeability, increased vasodilation, blood vessel cells shrink) S/S- feeling lightheadedness or faint, difficulty breathing, wheezing, fast heartbeat. What is passive immunity? - ANSWER- Immunity that you get from mother to baby through breastmilk or blood in the placenta. What are the characteristics of metastatic cells? - ANSWER- Spread of cancer cells beyond their original site in the body. They also invade their neighbor cells and take over them. What is sepsis? Goal of treatment. - ANSWER- Fungal, bacterial, viral in the bloodsteam that causes a severe inflammatory response. Treat the cause is the goal of treatment Best way to prevent spread of diseases? - ANSWER- Hand-washing Complication of compartment syndrome? - ANSWER- Tissue damage and pain. Cause of Rheumatoid Arthritis? - ANSWER- Excessive autoimmune response by attack your joints and organs. Cause of contact dermatitis? - ANSWER- Contact with irritants (chemicals or substances) Identify Kyphosis, Lordosis, Scoliosis. - ANSWER- (hunchback upper curvature), (inward lower curvature), and (s-shaped curvature) What is osteoporosis? - ANSWER- Body's bones become weak and break easily. Imbalance between osteoclasts (break down bone) and osteoblasts (build up bone). What is intussusception? - ANSWER- When the bowel collapse into one another. Causes a mechanical bowel obstruction. H. Pylori- What is it and what does it cause. - ANSWER- You get it from Fecaloral route. This causes peptic ulcer disease. Signs/Symptoms of appendicitis - ANSWER- RLQ abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, rebound tenderness. Inflammation of the peritoneum. (rebound tenderness) S/S of Liver Disease - ANSWER- Jaundice in eyes and skin, distented abdomen, confusion from ammonia buildup. Cause of hepatic encephalopathy - ANSWER- too much ammonia buildup in the blood due to liver disease. What causes esophageal varices? - ANSWER- dilated blood vessels within esophagus due to liver failure and portal hypertension, cirrhosis of the liver, liver dysfunction. What causes jaundice? - ANSWER- Buildup of bilirubin when you have liver disease. HPV puts the patient at risk for what? - ANSWER- cervical cancer What puts patients at risk for esophageal cancer? What are the S/S - ANSWERGERD. S/S-difficulty swallowing, cough, weight loss, chest pain and blood in the emesis. What hormone do the kidney secrete that influence blood production? - ANSWERerythropoietin What is cystitis? Which bacteria cause most cases of cystitis? What is pyelonephritis? - ANSWER- inflammation of the bladder (UTI