PAEA Internal Medicine EOR Exam Questions and Answers

PAEA Internal Medicine EOR Exam Questions and Answers what is a major RF for developing testicular cancer? - ANSWER cryptorchidism what is the MC type of testicular CA? - ANSWER seminoma what is a bell-clapped deformity? what does it put one at risk for? - ANSWER insufficient attachment of the testicles to the tunic vaginalis, allowing for a pathologically large degree of rotations freedom increase risk of *torsion* if someone is edematous (ex CHF) where does the edema go to? - ANSWER gravity dependent areas legs scrotum what are the hallmarks of nephritis syndrome? - ANSWER Inflammatory response *hematuria*--RBC casts mild edema mild HTN uremia *oliguria* (low during output) *proteinuria <3.5g/day what are the hallmarks of nephrotic syndrome? - ANSWER *proteinuria >3.5g/day* *edema* hyperlipidemia hypercoagulalable state What is orthostatic hypotension? - ANSWER fall in systolic blood pressure of at least 20 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure of at least 10 mm Hg when a person assumes a standing position what are some diseases that cause orthostatic hypotension? - ANSWER Addison's disease, atherosclerosis, diabetes, pheochromocytoma, PAEA Internal Medicine EOR Exam Questions and Answers why does orthostatic hypotension happen? - ANSWER induced blood-pooling in the lower extremities, which in turn compromises venous return, resulting in decreased cardiac output and subsequent lowering of arterial pressure. what are some medication that can cause orthostatic hypotension? - ANSWER alpha blockers ** (prozosin) TCA's / MAOI BPH is MC in what zone of the prostate? - ANSWER periurethral / transition zone BPH causes...? - ANSWER urinary retention BPH is due to what pathological process? - ANSWER increased dihydrotesterone production what are sxs of BPH - ANSWER frequency, urgency, nocturne, hesitancy, weak stream, incomplete emptying what do you do to work up suspected BPH? - ANSWER DRE - firm, rubbery, enlarged prostate UA- should be NORMAL PSA-sensitive, nut not specific (better for cancer) what medications must be avoided in BPH?! why? - ANSWER antihistamines anticholinergics increases urinary retention what are the 2 classes of medications that can be taken for BPH? - ANSWER 5-areductase inhibitors A-1 blockers what are the medications used for BPH that have an IMMEDIATE effect on sxs but do not change the lifelong course of BPH? (give the names) what are S/E - ANSWER Alpha-1 blockers Tamsulosin, Alfuzosin, Prozosin, Doxazosin PAEA Internal Medicine EOR Exam Questions and Answers decreases urethral resistance can cause dizziness and orthostatic hypotension what are the medications used for BPH that have an LONG TERM effect on sxs but do not change the lifelong course of BPH? (give the names) what are S/E - ANSWER 5-a-reductase inhibitor blocks conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone and shrinks hyperplasia Finasteride, Dutasteride S/E is sexual dysfunction, decreased libido, and breast tenderness what si the surgical procedure used for BPH? - ANSWER TURP 65 yo male who complains of frequent urination at night with difficulty s