Survey of Audio Engineering Final AET 1380 Already Passed

Survey of Audio Engineering Final AET 1380 Already Passed parts of a sound wave compression and rarefaction speed of sound 1130 fps unit of measurement for frequency Hertz (Hz) what is an octave? doubling of frequency what is timbre? tonal quality of the sound (determined by the ASDR envelope, overtones, and harmonics) what is the lowest frequency in a complex tone? the fundamental unit of measurement for amplitude decibels (dB) what are the structures of the ear? (from outer to inner) pinna, ear canal, ear drum, ossicles, cochlea what is the threshold of hearing? 0 dB what is the threshold of feeling? 120 dB what is the threshold of pain? 140 dB how do we hear longer wavelengths? as lower in pitch how do we hear shorter wavelengths? as higher in pitch what is phase? the time relationship between sounds what happens if something is out of phase? it can have either destructive or constructive effects what happens if two sounds are 180 degrees out of phase? they cancel out what is absorption of sound? where sound doesn't bounce off the surface it hits what is diffusion of sound? scattering of sound in all directions on reflection from a surface what is diffraction of sound? spreads around barriers reflections that are heard less than 30 ms apart are perceived as one sound. this is called... temporal fusion (reverberation) human hearing sensitivity in relation to frequency is illustrated by... the Fletcher-Munson Curve/the Equal Loudness curve what was the first digital consumer format? CDs how are microphones, ears, and loudspeakers similar? they are all transducers what is an omnidirectional polar response? the mic can pick up noise on all sides what is a bi-directional polar response? the mic can pick up noise on two sides of the mic what is a cardioid polar response? the mic picks up noise on only one side which mic is typically the most fragile? ribbon which mic is typically the most rugged? dynamic/moving coil Which mic requires phantom power? condenser what is an example of a moving coil mic? SM 57 or 58 which mic type would you typically use on a snare drum? dynamic which mic type would you typically use on a soft instrument? condenser what is close miking and its characteristics? direct sound what is distance miking and its characteristics? room ambience, more "natural" sound What is the 3:1 rule? if you are miking two instruments, the distance between the two instruments must be three times the distance between each instrument and its individual mic on a console or DAW, what is an aux send? aux sends send a sound somewhere on a console or DAW, what is a bus? it is often used to combined two or more sounds on one fader on a console or DAW, what is panning? moving sound left or right in the audio field what processors control dynamic range? compressors, gates, limiters, and expanders what is a common spectral processor? EQ what are common time processors? delay and reverb what is the sample rate? the number of snapshots of the waveform the program takes per second what happens when you raise or lower the sample rate? it affects the frequencies you can record what is bit depth and what does it represent? dynamic range what is the standard file format for professional audio and archiving? WAV a 128 kpbs mp3 file has what compression ratio? 10:1 how does lossless compression work? Looks for redundancy where the same data is stored many times and groups this data into one reference. how does lossy compression work? Certain amount of data is lost (integrity not maintained). Never used with Business data or Text files. how many speakers are in a 5:1 surround sound system? 6 what is PTS? permanent threshold shift one sound hiding another is called... masking what is a crossover network? A device that divides frequency bands and sends them to their respective drivers, or speakers. in live sound, what is intelligibility? can you understand it? in live sound, what is fidelity? the quality of the sound in live sound, what is coverage? are you covering the whole room? what are the advantages of an installed sound system? it is always set up and is made for the space that it's in what are the advantages of a portable sound system? you can become more familiar with it and you can scale it to the venue what happens in pre-production? input list, needs of the venue, making sure everything works, making the circuit diagram what happens during load in? sound check, setting up, tuning speakers what is FOH? in front of the house (mixes for the audience) who mixes sound for the band? the monitor mixer what are the disadvantages of stage monitors? stage volume, feedback what are the advantages of in-ears? no feedback what is an example of a production source sound? a live performance on screen (like coming from a band; main focus of the scene) what is source music? Source music, where the music is emanating from a source that is actually part of the scene what is underscore? background music what is ADR? automatic dialogue replacement in video games, sounds that are triggered are called... one-shot sounds what technique is used in video games to make sounds more realistic? randomization