MG2 Project Management Lecture 1
An organization is not about an individual, it’s a deliberate arrangement of people
brought together to accomplish a specific purpose
Characteristics of organizations
- Goals what you want to achieve
- People different people with different roles
- Structure structure is needed in a team
People (deliberate arrangement of people)
- In a team you have different types of people with different roles
Levels of management
- Top Managers
- Middle Managers
- First-Line Managers
- Nonmanagerial Employees
You can also turn the pyramid around, because everybody is important in an
organisation
What managers manage?
Doing things right Doing the right things
Efficiency (Means) Effectiveness (Ends)
Low waist high attainment
Managers
- Functions (Fayol) Planning/ Organizing/Leading/Controlling
- Roles (Mintzberg) Interpersonal/Informational/Decisional
- Skills (Katz) Technical/Human/conceptual
, MG2 Project Management Lecture 2
Scope: What’s in the project and what isn’t. Projects gets bigger and bigger
A product Description
- Name of product (A bag of potatoes)
- Purpose of product (making stamppot)
- Composition (potatoes)
A product description
- Quality criteria (dimensions, must haves etc)
Example: Fresh potatoes, can easily be peeled, not too small, 1kg bag, no
green bits. Cost < 4 euros. Potatoes can be mashed. From AH or Jumbo.
- Quality tolerances (any flexibility)
Example: White or red potatoes as long as they can be boiled. 2kg bag is ok
but not less than 1kg. Must have them by 17:00hrs
- Quality Method (of testing the product)
Example: Look, are there any green bits? Squeeze, are they soft? Check
sell-by date
- Expected benefits (the advantages the find product will give)
Example: I want to cook a traditional Dutch meal for my friends
Quote
The secret of getting ahead is getting started. The secret of getting started is
breaking your complex overwhelming tasks into small manageable tasks, and then
starting on the first one.
Mark Twain
The phases of a small project according to Grit, 2015
“A phase can be regarded as a series of project activities that have a logical
connection to each other”
PREPERATION REALIZATION AFTERCARE
The phases of a bigger project according to Grit, 2015
CONCEPT DEFINITION DESIGN PREPARATION REALIZATION AFETERCARE
Problem SMART Draft, Planning Doing the Maintain, train
definition, example of activities, service
options, completed making the
Business product, products
Case approach
Milestones
,“Milestone is an important point in time: Something reached on a set date. Milestones
are included for the purposes of measuring the progress of a project”
Breakdown Structure
- The Breakdown Structure helps to understand the tasks (activities) have to
be done on the project
- It shows what the final deliverable (product) is made up of
- It shows the Scope of the project (what is included in the project)
After the Breakdown Structure
- The next challenge is to work out what has to be done first and next and so
on i.e. the Order… how?
- By placing the final deliverable at the end and then placing the activities in
position
- By connecting the activities with arrows
Flow Diagram
The Flow Diagram helps to understand the dependencies between the activities.
We can also see key activities (Milestones). The Flow Diagram gives us order but it
can look random and complex
After the Flow Diagram
From the Flow Diagram we can create a timeline
MG2 Project Management Lecture 3
, What is an estimate?
As estimate is an approximation of project time and costs targets that is
refined throughout the project lifecycle
The accuracy of an estimate increases as the project progresses
The more detail we know about the product and the activities the more
accurate the estimate can be
There are different approaches to produce estimate
What to estimate
Effort/Labour (work) time spent by individual(s) on tasks, also known as
work effort
Materials used for the task raw materials, components etc.
“Not tools for the job unless they are hired and charged per hour or period for
example”
Estimating – Contingency
Approaches to estimating
Top down: Client has a budget
Bottom up: Start estimating the smallest tasks and working your way
up to reach a final cost.
Comparative: Look at previous projects
Estimating a holiday
Top down: This is how much I can afford
Bottom up: This is everything I want to do, how much will it cost?
Comparative: What did my holiday cost last year?
Approaches to estimating
An organization is not about an individual, it’s a deliberate arrangement of people
brought together to accomplish a specific purpose
Characteristics of organizations
- Goals what you want to achieve
- People different people with different roles
- Structure structure is needed in a team
People (deliberate arrangement of people)
- In a team you have different types of people with different roles
Levels of management
- Top Managers
- Middle Managers
- First-Line Managers
- Nonmanagerial Employees
You can also turn the pyramid around, because everybody is important in an
organisation
What managers manage?
Doing things right Doing the right things
Efficiency (Means) Effectiveness (Ends)
Low waist high attainment
Managers
- Functions (Fayol) Planning/ Organizing/Leading/Controlling
- Roles (Mintzberg) Interpersonal/Informational/Decisional
- Skills (Katz) Technical/Human/conceptual
, MG2 Project Management Lecture 2
Scope: What’s in the project and what isn’t. Projects gets bigger and bigger
A product Description
- Name of product (A bag of potatoes)
- Purpose of product (making stamppot)
- Composition (potatoes)
A product description
- Quality criteria (dimensions, must haves etc)
Example: Fresh potatoes, can easily be peeled, not too small, 1kg bag, no
green bits. Cost < 4 euros. Potatoes can be mashed. From AH or Jumbo.
- Quality tolerances (any flexibility)
Example: White or red potatoes as long as they can be boiled. 2kg bag is ok
but not less than 1kg. Must have them by 17:00hrs
- Quality Method (of testing the product)
Example: Look, are there any green bits? Squeeze, are they soft? Check
sell-by date
- Expected benefits (the advantages the find product will give)
Example: I want to cook a traditional Dutch meal for my friends
Quote
The secret of getting ahead is getting started. The secret of getting started is
breaking your complex overwhelming tasks into small manageable tasks, and then
starting on the first one.
Mark Twain
The phases of a small project according to Grit, 2015
“A phase can be regarded as a series of project activities that have a logical
connection to each other”
PREPERATION REALIZATION AFTERCARE
The phases of a bigger project according to Grit, 2015
CONCEPT DEFINITION DESIGN PREPARATION REALIZATION AFETERCARE
Problem SMART Draft, Planning Doing the Maintain, train
definition, example of activities, service
options, completed making the
Business product, products
Case approach
Milestones
,“Milestone is an important point in time: Something reached on a set date. Milestones
are included for the purposes of measuring the progress of a project”
Breakdown Structure
- The Breakdown Structure helps to understand the tasks (activities) have to
be done on the project
- It shows what the final deliverable (product) is made up of
- It shows the Scope of the project (what is included in the project)
After the Breakdown Structure
- The next challenge is to work out what has to be done first and next and so
on i.e. the Order… how?
- By placing the final deliverable at the end and then placing the activities in
position
- By connecting the activities with arrows
Flow Diagram
The Flow Diagram helps to understand the dependencies between the activities.
We can also see key activities (Milestones). The Flow Diagram gives us order but it
can look random and complex
After the Flow Diagram
From the Flow Diagram we can create a timeline
MG2 Project Management Lecture 3
, What is an estimate?
As estimate is an approximation of project time and costs targets that is
refined throughout the project lifecycle
The accuracy of an estimate increases as the project progresses
The more detail we know about the product and the activities the more
accurate the estimate can be
There are different approaches to produce estimate
What to estimate
Effort/Labour (work) time spent by individual(s) on tasks, also known as
work effort
Materials used for the task raw materials, components etc.
“Not tools for the job unless they are hired and charged per hour or period for
example”
Estimating – Contingency
Approaches to estimating
Top down: Client has a budget
Bottom up: Start estimating the smallest tasks and working your way
up to reach a final cost.
Comparative: Look at previous projects
Estimating a holiday
Top down: This is how much I can afford
Bottom up: This is everything I want to do, how much will it cost?
Comparative: What did my holiday cost last year?
Approaches to estimating
