Infection Prevention and Control Exam Questions And Answers

Infection Prevention and Control Exam Questions And Answers the presence and growth of microorganisms within a host but without tissue invasion or damage - ANSWER- colonization __ __ __ include sites such as blood, skin and mucous membranes, respiratory tract, genitourinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, and transplacental - ANSWER- port of exit Interval from onset of nonspecific signs and symptoms (malaise, low-grade fever, fatigue) to more specific symptoms. (During this time microorganisms grow and multiply, and patient may be capable of spreading disease to others.) - ANSWER- prodromal stage the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics for the treatment of infection can lead to... - ANSWER- suprainfection fluid and cells that are discharged from cells or blood vessels [e.g., pus or serum] - ANSWER- exudates Arrange the events of inflammatory response to an injury in the order of their occurrence in a response to injury. Accumulation of fluid at site of injury Rapid vasodilation at site of injury Formation of exudate at site of injury Formation of granulation tissue - ANSWER- 1) Rapid vasodilation at site of injury 2) Accumulation of fluid at site of injury 3) Formation of exudate at site of injury 4) Formation of granulation tissue A pt infected w herpes simplex later complains of itching + tingling. There are no visible lesions found on examination. To which stage of herplex simplex infection does this client belong? Illness stage Incubation stage Prodromal stage Convalescence stage - ANSWER- Prodromal stage (prodrome means "running before"; so prodromal refers to time before specific symptoms appear.) A nurse works in med-surg. Which client should the nurse evaluate as the highest risk for health care-associated infections (HAIs)? 20-year-old client admitted with gastroenteritis 24-year-old client admitted with a fracture of the leg 34-year-old client admitted for appendectomy 53-year-old diabetic client admitted for herniorraphy - ANSWER- 53-year-old diabetic client admitted for herniorraphy A nurse is changing the dressing of a client at a bedside table. Which techniques of asepsis should be performed? Select all that apply. Wearing a mask Using protective eyewear Using an instant alcohol hand antiseptic The nurse should have well-manicured nails Washing hands with soap and water followed by rinsing under stream of water for 15 seconds - ANSWER- Using an instant alcohol hand antiseptic The nurse should have well-manicured nails Washing hands with soap and water followed by rinsing under stream of water for 15 seconds 10 yo client w symptoms of a throat infection develops rheumatic fever. What could be the possible causative organism for the throat infection + rheumatic fever in this pt? Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus (beta-hemolytic group A) Streptococcus (beta-hemolytic group B) Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus - ANSWER- Streptococcus (beta-hemolytic group A) The nurse reads the differential count of WBC's + makes a note that the eosinophils, basophils, + monocytes are w/in normal limits. The neutrophilic count, which should be between 55%-70%, is increased to 90%. The lymphocytes, which should be between 20%-40%, are increased to 60%. What does the increased count indicate? Select all that apply. Sepsis Viral infection Tuberculosis infection Chronic bacterial infection Acute suppurative infection - ANSWER- Viral infection Chronic bacterial infection Acute suppurative infection _____ are increased when there is chronic viral and bacterial infection - ANSWER- Lymphocytes