RN VATI NURSING CARE OF CHILDREN 2019 FORM A,B & C /VATI RN NURSING CARE OF CHILDREN REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS|AGRADE

RN VATI NURSING CARE OF CHILDREN 2019 FORM A,B & C /VATI RN NURSING CARE OF CHILDREN REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS|AGRADE FORM A A nurse is providing nutritional teaching to the patents of a child who has acute glomerulonephritis with pitting edema. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend be eliminated from the child's diet? - ANSWER- Hot dogs Rationale: -Results in edema, HTN, hematuria and proteinuria. Dietary changes requires limit foods high in sodium because of the edema and HTN. (Hot dogs, or other processed meats) A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a 5-year-old child who has a concussion. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as an early indication of ICP? - ANSWER- Nausea Rationale: -Early findings of ICP A nurse is creating a plan of care for a school-age child who has moderate partial thickness burns on both lower extremities. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? - ANSWER- Maintain aseptic technique during the child dressing changes. Rationale: -To prevent infection. Delayed wound healing can occur due to infection, which can also cause partial thickness wounds to develop into full thickness wounds. A charge nurse on a pediatric unit is reviewing informed consent guidelines with newly licensed nurse. For which of the following clients should the nurse obtain informed consent from a guardian? - ANSWER- A 15-year-old client who requires an open reduction of a fracture. Rationale: -Sign consent prior to surgical procedures for a minor. A nurse is caring for a child who has terminal leukemia. The parents asks the nurse, "When will we know that our child is nearing the end of their life?" Which of the following statements should the nurse make? - ANSWER- Your child will lose movement in their legs. Rationale: -Lose movement in the lower extremities. This progressive loss of movement will move up the body as death nears. A nurse is providing home care instructions to the parents of a child who is in the edema phase of nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? - ANSWER- Provide quite activities for the child. Rationale: -Provide quite activities, such as reading and coloring, during edema phase of nephritis to minimize oxygen consumption and preserve energy. A nurse is assessing a 2-year-old child following a surgical procedure. Which of the following pain tools should the nurse use? - ANSWER- Face, Legs, Activity, Cry Consolability (FLACC) scale. Rationale: -The FLACC scale is used for infants and children from 2 months to 7 years. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a school age child who has epilepsy and a new prescription for phenytoin extended release capsules. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? - ANSWER- Encourage the child to brush their teeth after each meal. Rationale: - Dental hygiene, this medications can cause gingival hyperplasia, and good oral hygiene reduces the risk of this occurring. A nurse is caring for a 6 month old infant who has acute vomiting and diarrhea. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as an indication of moderate hypovolemia? - ANSWER- Tachypnea Rationale: -A hypovolemia worsens, breathing becomes hyperpneic. A nurse is caring for a toddler who is experiencing hyperglycemia. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? - ANSWER- Lethargic mood. Rationale: -Will be irritable and have a labile mood. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of a 5-year-old child who has leukemia and is receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? - ANSWER- I will make sure to inspect my son's mouth every day for sores. Rationale: -Increase risk for mucositis, therefore, the parent should inspect the mouth daily for lesions or ulcerations and report these to the provider. Open lesions can become infected in the child who is immunocompromised. A home health nurse is developing a plan of care for the parents of a toddler who has hemophilia A. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? - ANSWER- Place knee pads on the child. Rationale: -Take measures to make the environment safe. This can include measures such as installing carpet over ceramic tiled floors or placing knee and elbow pads on the child to protect the Childs joints form injury and bleeding. A nurse is planning care for a child who has cerebral palsy and is experiencing muscle spasms. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer? - ANSWER- Baclofen Rationale: -Centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant that will decrease muscle spasm and sever spasticity. A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a group of guardians of infants about home safety. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? - ANSWER- Keep your infant restrained when they are in a highchair. Rationale: -Restrain infant while sitting in a highchair using the included straps with a closure. This will prevent the infant from falling out of the chair and decrease the risk of injury. Avoid leaving their infant in a highchair unattended because of the risk of slipping down in the chair and strangling on the safety straps. A nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child who is 2 days postoperative following insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Which of the following findings is the nurse's priority? - ANSWER- Lethargy Rationale: -This can indicate a decrease level of consciousness or increased intracranial pressure, both of which requires immediate intervention. A nurse on a pediatric unit is admitting a 5-year-old child who has submersion injury and is awake and alert. The parent asks the nurse why the child needs to stay in the facility. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? - ANSWER- We need to observe your child for cerebral swelling. Rationale: -Still at risk for a complication from the submersion injury. Complications can include respiratory compromise and cerebral edema during the first 24hrs after the submersion. A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child who has viral meningitis. Which of the following finding should the nurse expect? - ANSWER- Nuchal rigidity Rationale: -Which is caused by meningeal irritation. The child also might have fever and photophobia. A school nurse is providing dietary teaching for an 11-year-old child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should identify which of the following responses by the child indicates an understanding of the teaching? SATA - ANSWER- I should eat extra food on busy days when I am more active. I should increase my intake of sugar free fluids when I am sick. I should eat a snack 30mins before my baseball game states. Rationale: -Food intake should be adjusted to compensate for the release of insulin into the circulatory system and prevent episodes of hypoglycemia. The recommended increase of carbs is 10-15g per hr. of moderate play or activity. -Fluids flush out ketones to prevent dehydrations. Recommend sugar free liquids, such as water, broth, and tea to the child. Continue with usual intake of mealtimes and follow their recommended meal plan as much as possible. -If the game is prolonged they should have a snack every 45mins to an hour. If they cannot tolerate the extra food, the next intervention is to decrease the insulin dose before the game. A nurse is teaching an adolescent how to use a peak expiratory flow meter (PEFM). The nurse should identify that which of the following statements by the child indicates an understanding of the teaching? - ANSWER- I will record the highest reading of the three attempts. Rationale: -The child should forcefully exhale for 1sec as quickly as possible to measure the amount of air exhaled and repeat this process 3 times. The child should wait 30secs between attempts and record the highest of the the three readings. A nurse is providing a presentation for parents of a toddler about preventing childhood burns. Which of the following statements by a parent indicates and understanding of the teaching? - ANSWER- I will plug protective guards into my electrical outlets. -Plug protective guards into electrical outlets or place furniture in front of the outlets to protect the toddler from electrical shock or burns. A nurse in a pediatric clinic is providing teaching to the parent of an infant who has gastroesophageal reflux (GER). The nurse should identify that which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? - ANSWER- I will add rice cereal to my baby's feedings. -Add rice cereal to formula or expressed breast milk to thicken the feeding. Thickened feeding can decrease the number of vomiting episodes the infant experiences. A nurse is planning care for a school age child who is experiencing a vaso- occlusive crisis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? - ANSWER- Encourage the child to increase their fluid intake. -The first action the nurse should take is to promote hydration through the use of oral and IV fluids. Hydration is important because it prevents further sickling of the cells and delays the hypoxia-ischemia cycle. A nurse is planning a community education series for teachers of children who have attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which of the following classroom strategies should the nurse include in the teaching? - ANSWER- Accompany verbal instructions with visual references. - Use visual references along with verbal instructions for child who have ADHD. Using both verbal and written instruction provides clear communication of expectations for the children. A nurse is admitting a child who has pertussis. Which of the following isolation precautions should the nurse initiate for the child? - ANSWER- Droplet -And other infections that is transmitted through respiratory droplets larger than 5 microns in size. (diphtheria, rubella, and scarlet fever require droplet precautions. Droplet precautions requires staff who provide care to wear a mask or respirator as PPE. A nurse is teaching a group of new parents about expected language development. The nurse should include that a child should begin to speak 10 or more words about which of the following ages? - ANSWER- 18 months -The toddler should also form simple word combinations. A nurse is providing teaching about home safety to the parents of an infant. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? - ANSWER- Place your infant on a firm mattress for sleeping. -Place infant in a supine position on a firm mattress for sleeping. This decease the risk for suffocation. A nurse is planning care for an adolescent client who has sickle cell anemia and is experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which of the following interventions is the nurse's priority? - ANSWER- Promoting bed rest. -Has a higher requirement of cellular oxygenation. Therefore, the nurse should reduce the clients metabolic demands for oxygen and limit cardiac oxygen consumption by encouraging rest. A nurse is teaching a female adolescent who reports frequent urinary tract infections. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? - ANSWER- Void at least every 3-4hrs. -Urinate as soon as they feel the urge and to avoid waiting to void. Urinary stasis increase the risk for infection. A nurse is caring for a child who has bacterial meningitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? - ANSWER- Initiate droplet precautions. -To reduce the risk of transmission of the infection to others. A nurse is preparing to administer erythromycin 50mg/kg/day in divided doses every 6hrs to an adolescent who is postoperative following surgical removal of a peritonsillar abscess and weights 40kg. Available is erythromycin oral solution 200mg/5mL. How many mL should the nurse administer with each dose? - ANSWER- 12.5 mL A nurse is creating a plan of care for a school age child who is postoperative following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include? - ANSWER- Apply an ice collar to the child's neck. -To promote comfort and minimize swelling. The nurse also should administer prescribed analgesics to the child around the clock to minimize pain. A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a child who has ingested kerosene. The child is lethargic, grunting, and gagging. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - ANSWER- Prepare for intubation with a cuffed endotracheal tube. -Anticipate that the child will require intubation with a cuffed endotracheal tube because of the high risk of aspiration. This child is at risk for aspiration because they are lethargic, grunting, and gagging. A nurse is preparing to obtain a blood sample for an Hgb from a child who has hemophilia. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? - ANSWER- Obtain the sample using venipuncture. -Because this method allows for less bleeding than a finger puncture. A nurse is teaching the parent of a school age child who has cystic fibrosis about home care. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? - ANSWER- I will give my child stool softeners for constipation. -Can occur because of a failure to properly break down foods, a slowing of the intestinal motility, and the thickened enzymatic secretions die to the disease process itself. The parent should administer an osmotic solution, such as polyethylene glycol, stool softeners, or laxatives to treat constipation. A nurse is caring for an infant who has returned to the pediatric unit following surgical repair of a cleft lip. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - ANSWER- Monitor temporal artery temperature. -Check temperature by scanning the temporal artery to monitor for manifestation of infection. Other manifestations of infection include redness, warmth, and drainage from the incision site. A nurse is providing teaching about magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) without contrast to the parent of a child who has cancer. Which of the following statements should the nurse make? - ANSWER- You can remain in the room with your child during the procedure. -Provides comfort and reassurance during the procedure. A nurse is assessing a toddler. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of potential child maltreatment? - ANSWER- Circular burns on the soles of the toddlers feet. -Physical manifestations of burns are often found on the soles, back, buttocks, and hands. The nurse should document the location of the burns along with a description of the pattern and the presence of eschar or blistering. The nurse should also obtain diagrams and photographs using a measurement tool. A nurse in a emergency department is caring for a child who is experiencing an acute asthma attack. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider? - ANSWER- Profuse sweating