Human Growth & Development (Chapters 1-4) Exam 1 Questions and Answers with complete solutions

Chapter 1 - Introduction: Developmental milestone - An ability achieved by most children at a certain age. Can be physical, connotative, or social. Critical period - Time when development milestone must be learned, if it's ever going to be learned. Sensitive period - Time when a development milestone is best learned. If not it could be learned at a slower rate later on in life. Research Methods - Cross-sectional - Research in different age groups. Longitudinal - Individual data across a lifetime. Cross-sequential - Combination of research in different age groups and individual data across a lifetime. Five steps of the scientific method (and the importance of replication) - 1. Begin with curiosity 2. Develop hypothesis 3. Test hypothesis 4. Draw Conclusion 5. Report the resultsWhat is the purpose of a theory? - The purpose of a theory is to guide your research in your field. Psychoanalytical theory -Holds the irrational, unconscious drives and motives often originating childhood underline human behavior. Founder: Sigmund Freud Recognized: Erik Erikson Behaviorism - Studies observable behavior Founder: Jhon B. Watson Recognized: B.F. Skinner Albert Bandura - creator of extension between behaviorism and cognitive