Geriatric Nutrition () All Answered Correctly.

Age related changes in gastrointestinal anatomy and physiology: oropharyngeal (4) correct answers Xerostomia Poor dentition Altered taste perception Decreased olfactory discrimination Age related changes in gastrointestinal anatomy and physiology: esophagus (6) correct answers Reduced resting upper esophageal sphincter pressure Reduced lower esophageal sphincter relaxation Delayed esophageal emptying Decreased contraction velocity and duration Reduced myenteric ganglion cells Thickening of smooth muscle layer Age related changes in gastrointestinal anatomy and physiology: Stomach (2) correct answers Decrease mucosal prostaglandin, sodium, bicarbonate and mucous secretion Possible delayed gastric emptying Age related changes in gastrointestinal anatomy and physiology: Pancreas (4) correct answers Increased gallstone formation Decreased glucose tolerance Insulin secretory defects Decrease beta cell sensitivity to incretin hormones Impaired beta cell compensation with glucose load Age related changes in gastrointestinal anatomy and physiology: Liver (3) correct answers Decline in organ volume and blood flow Reduction in metabolic capacity Reduced hepatic drug clearance of rapidly cleared drugs Age related changes in gastrointestinal anatomy and physiology: Small intestine (1) correct answers Possible decreased small bowel transit Age related changes in gastrointestinal anatomy and physiology: Colon (1) correct answers No significant changes Age related changes in gastrointestinal anatomy and physiology: Ano-rectum (5) correct answers Reduced rectal compliance Impaired recital sensation Decreased sphincter pressures Increased constipation Increased fecal incontinence