Chapter 2 Biological Beginnings question n answers graded A+ 2023

Chapter 2 Biological Beginnings evolutionary psychology - correct answer a branch of psychology that emphasizes the importance of adaptation, reproduction, and "survival of the fittest" in shaping behavior chromosomes - correct answer threadlike structures made up of deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA DNA - correct answer a complex molecule that has a double helix shape and contains genetic information Genes - correct answer units of hereditary information composed of DNA; direct cells to reproduce themselves and assemble proteins that direct body processes mitosis - correct answer cellular reproduction in which the cell's nucleus duplicates itself; two new cells are formed, each containing the same DNA as the original cell, arranged in the same 23 pairs of chromosomes meiosis - correct answer a specialized form of cell division that occurs to form eggs and sperm (or gametes) fertilization - correct answer a stage in reproduction whereby an egg and a sperm fuse to create a single cell, called a zygote down syndrome - correct answer a chromosomally transmitted form of mental retardation, caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21 Klinefelter Syndrome - correct answer a chromosomal disorder in which males have an extra X chromosome, making the XXY instead of XY fragile x syndrome - correct answer a chromosomal disorder involving an abnormality in the X chromosome, which becomes constricted and often breaks