Canadian Fundamentals of Nursing, 6th Edition

You are a nurse researcher interviewing senior oncology nurses, asking them to describe how they deal with the loss of a patient. The analysis of the interviews yields common themes describing the nurses' grief. This is an example of which type of study? - ANSWERS-Qualitative study. (A qualitative study involves inductive reasoning to develop generalizations or theories from specific observations or interviews. Historical research establishes facts and relationships concerning past events. Correlational research is exploration of the interrelationships among variables of interest without any intervention by the researcher. An experimental study involves the use of tightly controlled subject groups, variables, and procedures to eliminate bias and ensure that findings can be generalized to similar groups of subjects.) An operating room nurse is talking with colleagues during a meeting. She asks, "I wonder if we would see fewer wound infections if we used chlorhexidine instead of povidone-iodine to clean the skin of our surgical patients? What does the P represent in this example of a PICOT question? - ANSWERS-Surgical patients. (Surgical patients are the patient population of interest (P) in the PICOT (patient population, intervention, comparison, outcome, time) question. The intervention is the cleaning of the skin, and the comparison of interest is between chlorhexidine use and povidone-iodine use. Operating room nurses are not an element of the PICOT question.) A nurse researcher is designing an exercise study that involves 100 patients who attend a wellness clinic. As the patients come to the clinic, each has a choice as to whether he or she wants to be in the new exercise program or remain in the traditional program. The nurse plans to measure the patients' self-report of exercise before and 6 months after the program begins. What factor might influence the results of this study in an unfavourable way? - ANSWERS-Sampling method. (Because the patients at the clinic are allowed their choice of the traditional versus the new exercise program, the sampling in this study is not random sampling.) The foundation of research is which of the following? - ANSWERS-Scientific method. (The scientific method is the foundation of research and is the most reliable and objective of all methods of obtaining knowledge. Documentation, critical thinking, and evidence are not the foundations of research.