Emergency Medical Responder Questions and Answers Already Passed

Emergency Medical Responder Questions and Answers Already Passed What are the 6 R's 3 C's and an E 6 R's Right patient Right Medication Right time Right dose Right route at the right site Right Documentation 3 C's and an E Colour Clarity Concentration Expiry date Clearing the Airway Adult 15 secs at a time Child 10 seconds at a time Infant 5 seconds at a time Normal Breathing Rates Adult 10 to 20 (puberty and up) Child 15 to 30 (1 to the onset of puberty) Infant 25 to 50 (0-1) Neonate 30-60 (24 hours old) NOTE: if not taking an accurate count the breathing rate can be described as Regular Irregular Rapid (Tachypnea) Slow (Bradypnea) Not breathing: Apneac Breathing Quality (Depth) Shallow Deep Laboured Gasping Inadequate Breathing Rates Adult under 8 b/min, over 28 b/min (important for ACP) Child under 10 b/min Infant under 20 b/min neonate under 30 b/min ATTEMPT TO VENTILATE! Artificial Ventilation Adult 1 every 5 seconds (24 for 2 min cycle) Child 1 every 3 seconds (40 for 2 min cycle) Infant 1 every 3 seconds (40 for 2 min cycle) Neonate 1 every 1-1.5 seconds ACP: if doing CPR while patient is intubated ventilation rate become 1 breath every 6-8 seconds (all age groups). Oxygen Mask (Concentration & LPM) Supplemental Masks (Demand Masks): Nasal Cannula (low flow): Concentration of 24-44% = 2-6 LPM Simple Face Mask (post seizure or after faint): Concentration of 35-50% = 6-10 LPM Non Rebreather (high flow): Concentration of 60-90% = 10-15 LPM Ventilation Devices: Pocket Mask/O2: Concentration of 50-60% = 15 LPM Bag valve Mask: Concentration of 90-100% = 15 LPM Pulse Rates Adults 60-100 (av. 72) can be lower in athletes and older persons Children 80-120 Infants 100-160 NOTE: if an accurate count is not taken, the pulse can be described as Regular: a normal pulse occurring at regular intervals Irregular: Intervals between beats are irregular Rapid: Faster than normal rates (Tachy - anything over 100 in adults) Slow: slower than normal rates (Brady - anything below 60 in adults) Strong: full and normally strong Weak: may be difficult to find and palpate Bounding: abnormally strong Thready: Rapid and wear, and so rapid and so wear it feels like a thread being pulled under your finger (Some EMTs: feels like squishing a bug under your finger) Critical Blood Loss Adult = 1 litre Child = 500 mls Infant = 100 mls CPR Compression depth Infant = 1/3 -1/2 depth of chest Child = 1/3 - 1/2 depth of chest Adult = 1 1/2 -2 inches CPR Compression: Ventilation Rates One rescuer Adult 30:2 Child 30:2 Infant 30:2 Two Rescuer Adult 30:2 Child 15:2 Infant 15: