EMT Chapter 11 AAOS Eleventh Edition (2023/2024) Graded A

EMT Chapter 11 AAOS Eleventh Edition (2023/2024) Graded A absorption The process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream. action The therapeutic effect of a medication on the body. activated charcoal An oral medication that binds and adsorbs ingested toxins in the gastrointestinal tract for treatment of some poisonings and medication overdoses. It's ground into a very fine powder that provides the greatest possible surface area for binding medication that have been taken by mouth; it is carried on the EMS unit. adsorption The process of binding or sticking to a surface. agonist A medication that causes stimulation of receptors. antagonist A medication that binds to a receptor and blocks other medications. aspirin A medication that is an antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. contraindications Conditions that make a particular medication or treatment inappropriate because it would not help, or may actually harm, a patient. dose The amount of medication given on the basis of the patient's size and age. EMT-administered medication Administration of medication by the EMT directly to the patient. enteral medications Medications that enter the body through the digestive system. epinephrine A medication that increases heart rate and blood pressure but also eases breathing problems by decreasing muscle tone of the bronchiole tree. gel A semiliquid substance that is administered orally in capsule form or through plastic tubes. generic name The original chemical name of a medication (in contrast with one of it proprietary or "trade" names); the name is not capitalized. hypoglycemia An abnormally low blood glucose level. indications The therapeutic uses for a specific medication. inhalation Breathing into the lungs; a medication delivery route. intramuscular injection An injection into a muscle; a medication delivery route. intranasal A delivery route in which a medication is pushed through a specialized atomizer device called a mucosal atomizer device into the naris. intraosseous injection An injection into the bone; a medication delivery route. intravenous injection An injection directly into a vein; a medication delivery route. medication A substance that is used to treat or prevent disease or relieve pain. medication error Inappropriate use of a medication that could lead to a patient harm. metered-dose inhaler A miniature spray canister through which droplets or particles of medication can be inhaled. mucosal atomizer device A device that is used to change a liquid medication into a spray and push it into a nostril. nitroglycerin A medication that increases cardiac perfusion by causing blood vessels to dilate; EMTs may be allowed to assist the patient to self-administer the medication. oral By mouth; a medication delivery route. oral glucose A simple sugar that is readily absorbed by the bloodstream; it is carried on the EMS unit. over-the-counter medications Medications that may be purchased directly by a patient without a prescription. oxygen A gas that all cells need for metabolism; the heart and brain, especially, cannot function without it. parenteral medications Medications that enter the body by a route other than the digestive tract, skin, or mucous membranes. patient-assisted medications When the EMT assists the patient with the administration of his or her own medication. peer-assisted medication When the EMT administers medication to him or herself or to a partner. per os Through the mouth; a medication delivery route; same as oral. per rectum Through the rectum; a medication delivery route. pharmacodynamics The process by which a medication works on the body. pharmacology The study of the properties and effects of medications. polypharmacy The use of multiple medications on a regular basis. prescription medications Medications that are distributed to patients only by pharmacists according to a physician's order. side effects Any effects of a medication other than the desired ones. solution A liquid mixture that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand. subcutaneous injection Injection into the fatty tissue between the skin and muscle; a medication delivery route. sublingual Under the tongue; a medication delivery route. suspension A mixture of ground particles that are distributed evenly throughout a liquid but do not dissolve. therapeutic effect The desired or intended effect a medication is expected to have on the body. topical medications Lotions, creams, and ointments that are applied to the surface of the skin and affect only that area, a medication delivery route. trade name The brand name that a manufacturer gives a medication; the name is capitalized. transcutaneous Through the skin; a medication delivery route. unintended effects Actions that are undesirable but pose little risk to the patient. untoward effects Actions that can be harmful to the patient.