ACADEMIC ENGLISH
COURSE INTRODUCTION
Academic:
- Precise
- Supported by evidence
- Critical
- Rule-based
- Tailored for specific audiences and purposes
We need academic language for:
- Precision
- Expectation/standardization
- Recognition and belonging
BICS: Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills
- Needed for everyday taks
- Helps with socializing
- Interactions have context and multimodal cues
- Not as cognitively demanding
CALP: Cognitive Academic Language Profiency
- Needed for academic learning
- More than just vocab: comparing, classifying, evaluating, inferring
- Lack of context
- New language and new content often introduces simultaneously
,IMRAD
Research papers communicate about conducted research, use evidence to support main ideas and
are precise, strict and objective.
- Introduction
- Methods
- Results
- And
- Discussion
IMRaD gives a logical structure for presenting info, helps authors organize content, readers locate
information, reviewers evaluate texts and adaptable framework.
Abstract: summary of the entire research paper
, PRE-RECORDED LECTURE 1: STRUCTURE
Purpose of structure:
- Highlight main ideas:
o Easy to find
o Prominent locations
- Map your content
o Easy to find
o Prominent locations
o Identify keywords and definitions
o Avoid repetition
- Allow for linear reading
- Strengthen your argument
Coherence: ideas connected / Cohesion: sentences connected
Coherence: the quality of being logical and consistent
(Does the organization help the reader understand the content? A text that is coherent is easy to
skim and scan)
Overall text:
- Whole paper
- Sections
- Paragraphs
Cohesion: the quality of being united
(Are there written connections to join ideas together? A text that is cohesive has flow)
Smaller structures:
- Paragraphs
- Sentences
General structure:
1. Introduction
2. Body
3. Conclusion
Logical pattern:
- What do my readers need first?
- What do I want my readers to understand at this point?
- What do I hope my readers learned from my text?
Whole paper structure and coherence:
- Following established patterns gives readers a familiar and logical structure
- Clear guidelines about where to put content because of IMRaD: easier for the writer and
reader
Structure: what is the best way to present your content? Is there an expected structure for this
content/section? What is the most logical way
COURSE INTRODUCTION
Academic:
- Precise
- Supported by evidence
- Critical
- Rule-based
- Tailored for specific audiences and purposes
We need academic language for:
- Precision
- Expectation/standardization
- Recognition and belonging
BICS: Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills
- Needed for everyday taks
- Helps with socializing
- Interactions have context and multimodal cues
- Not as cognitively demanding
CALP: Cognitive Academic Language Profiency
- Needed for academic learning
- More than just vocab: comparing, classifying, evaluating, inferring
- Lack of context
- New language and new content often introduces simultaneously
,IMRAD
Research papers communicate about conducted research, use evidence to support main ideas and
are precise, strict and objective.
- Introduction
- Methods
- Results
- And
- Discussion
IMRaD gives a logical structure for presenting info, helps authors organize content, readers locate
information, reviewers evaluate texts and adaptable framework.
Abstract: summary of the entire research paper
, PRE-RECORDED LECTURE 1: STRUCTURE
Purpose of structure:
- Highlight main ideas:
o Easy to find
o Prominent locations
- Map your content
o Easy to find
o Prominent locations
o Identify keywords and definitions
o Avoid repetition
- Allow for linear reading
- Strengthen your argument
Coherence: ideas connected / Cohesion: sentences connected
Coherence: the quality of being logical and consistent
(Does the organization help the reader understand the content? A text that is coherent is easy to
skim and scan)
Overall text:
- Whole paper
- Sections
- Paragraphs
Cohesion: the quality of being united
(Are there written connections to join ideas together? A text that is cohesive has flow)
Smaller structures:
- Paragraphs
- Sentences
General structure:
1. Introduction
2. Body
3. Conclusion
Logical pattern:
- What do my readers need first?
- What do I want my readers to understand at this point?
- What do I hope my readers learned from my text?
Whole paper structure and coherence:
- Following established patterns gives readers a familiar and logical structure
- Clear guidelines about where to put content because of IMRaD: easier for the writer and
reader
Structure: what is the best way to present your content? Is there an expected structure for this
content/section? What is the most logical way
