Evolution of Populations Questions and Answers Already Passed

Evolution of Populations Questions and Answers Already Passed Prior to the work of Lyell and Darwin, the prevailing belief was that Earth is _____. millions of years old, and populations are unchanging millions of years old, and populations rapidly change a few thousand years old, and populations gradually change *a few thousand years old, and populations are unchanging During a study session about evolution, one of your fellow students remarks, "The giraffe stretched its neck while reaching for higher leaves; its offspring inherited longer necks as a result." Which statement is most likely to be helpful in correcting this student's misconception? *Characteristics acquired during an organism's life are generally not passed on through genes. Only favorable adaptations have survival value. Spontaneous mutations can result in the appearance of new traits. Disuse of an organ may lead to its eventual disappearance. Which of the following statements about natural selection is true? Natural selection is a process whereby genes are selected randomly for preservation in the next generation. Natural selection occurs in opposition to evolution. *Natural selection favors individuals that reproduce more than others. Natural selection can be used by farmers to generate organisms with desirable traits. Which term describes a trait that increases an individual's ability to survive in a particular environment? Heritability *Adaptation Evolution Fitness Which term describes the ability of a trait to be passed on to offspring? Evolution Adaptation *Heritability Fitness Which of the following organisms could be produced by artificial selection? A chimpanzee that communicates through sign language. *A cow that produces a large quantity of milk. A dog that serves as the "eyes" for a blind individual. A rabbit that is housebroken. Which pair of chickens should a farmer breed to produce larger chickens? Small hen, large rooster Small hen, small rooster Large hen, small rooster *Large hen, large rooster A farmer wishes to develop a strain of high-yield corn that is also resistant to drought. He has the following individuals from the current year's crop: Individual A—Yield: 179 bushels/acre; drought resistance: high Individual B—Yield: 220 bushels/acre; drought resistance: low Individual C—Yield: 185 bushels/acre; drought resistance: medium Individual D—Yield: 140 bushels/acre; drought resistance: high Individual E—Yield: 200 bushels/acre; drought resistance: medium Which of the following crosses would produce the highest corn yield with the highest resistance to drought? A and E Which of these conditions are always true of populations evolving due to natural selection? Condition 1: The population must vary in traits that are heritable. Condition 2: Some heritable traits must increase reproductive success. Condition 3: Individuals pass on most traits that they acquire during their lifetime. Condition 1 only Condition 2 only Conditions 2 and 3 Conditions 1 and 2 Conditions 1 and 2 Which of the following represents an idea that Darwin learned from the writings of Thomas Malthus