ATI Med Surg Cardiovascular and Respiratory QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2023

ATI Med Surg Cardiovascular and Respiratory QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS 2023 A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following vein ligation and stripping for varicose veins. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? - ANSWER Position the client supine with his legs elevated when in bed. A nurse is caring for a client who has an abdominal aortic aneurysm and is scheduled for surgery. The client's vital signs are blood pressure 160/98 mm Hg, heart rate 102/min, respirations 22/min, and SpO2 95%. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Administer antihypertensive medication for blood pressure. Monitor that urinary output is 20 mL/hr. Withhold pain medication to prepare for surgery. Take vital signs every 2 hr. - ANSWER The nurse should administer antihypertensive medication for the elevated blood pressure because hypertension can cause a sudden rupture of the aneurysm due to pressure on the arterial wall. A nurse is caring for a client who has hemophilia. The client reports pain and swelling in a joint following an injury. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Obtain blood samples to test platelet function. Prepare for replacement of the missing clotting factor. Administer aspirin for the client's pain. Place the bleeding joint in the dependent position - ANSWER Prepare for replacement of the missing clotting factor. Hemophilia is a hereditary bleeding disorder in which blood clots slowly and abnormal bleeding occurs. It is caused by a deficiency in the most common clotting factor, factor VIII (hemophilia A). Aggressive factor replacement is initiated to prevent hemarthrosis that can result in long-term loss of range of motion in repeatedly affected joints. A nurse is assessing a client for manifestations of aplastic anemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Plethoric appearance of facial skin Glossitis and weight loss Jaundice with an enlarged liver Petechiae and ecchymosis - ANSWER Petechiae and ecchymosis The client who has aplastic anemia will have manifestations of petechiae and ecchymosis. Dyspnea on exertion also can be present. In aplastic anemia, all three major blood components (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets) are reduced or absent, which is known as pancytopenia. Manifestations usually develop gradually. A nurse is assessing a client who has right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Decreased capillary refill Dyspnea Orthopnea Dependent edema - ANSWER Dependent edema Blood return from the venous system to the right atrium is impaired by a weakened right heart. The subsequent systemic venous backup leads to development of dependent edema. A nurse is caring for a client who has a demand pacemaker inserted with the rate set at 72/min. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? -Telemetry monitoring shows QRS complexes occurring at a rate of 74/min with no pacing spikes. -The client is experiencing premature ventricular complexes at 12/min. -Telemetry monitoring shows pacing spikes with no QRS complexes -The client is experiencing hiccups - ANSWER Telemetry monitoring shows QRS complexes occurring at a rate of 74/min with no pacing spikes. The nurse should not expect pacer spikes when the client's pulse is greater than the set rate of 72/min, because the client's intrinsic rate overrides the set rate of the pacemaker. A nurse is transfusing a unit of O-negative fresh frozen plasma to a client whose blood type is B positive. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Continue to monitor for manifestations of a transfusion reaction. Remove the unit of plasma immediately and start an IV infusion of normal saline solution. Continue the transfusion and repeat the type and crossmatch. Prepare to administer a dose of diphenhydramine IV - ANSWER Remove the unit of plasma immediately and start an IV infusion of normal saline solution. A client who receives FFP that is not compatible can experience a hemolytic transfusion reaction. The nurse should stop the transfusion and infuse 0.9% sodium chloride solution with new tubing. A nurse is planning care for a client who is having a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) with stent placement. Which of the following actions should the nurse anticipate in the postprocedure plan of care? Instruct the client on a long-term cardiac conditioning program. Administer scheduled doses of acetaminophen. Check for peak laboratory markers of myocardial damage. Monitor for bleeding. - ANSWER Monitor for bleeding. Bleeding is a post-procedure complication of PTCA because of the administration of heparin during the procedure and the removal of the femoral (or brachial) sheath. Manual pressure or a closure device is used to obtain hemostasis to the site. The client remains on bed rest until hemostasis is assured. A nurse is assessing a client who has an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?