CST - Chapter 31 - Orthopedic surgery Questions & Answers Correct 100%CST - Chapter 31 - Orthopedic surgery Questions & Answers Correct 100%

cortical, cancellous - ANSWER There are two types of bone tissue, ________ (compact bone) and ________ (spongy bone). osteons, haversian canal - ANSWER Cortical bone is found on the surface of the bone, and contains the _________ and ________ ________. Cancellous - ANSWER _________ bone is found on the end of bones in the inner layer and is less dense with no geometric structure. It is within the spaces that red and yellow marrow fill. 7, 12, 5 - ANSWER Cervical column has ______ vertebrae. The thoracic column has _____ vertebrae. The lumbar column has _____ vertebrae. skull, facial, hyoid, sternum, ribs, vertebral - ANSWER Axial skeleton includes: ________, ______ bones, _______, ________, _______ and _________ column. injury, disease, pain - ANSWER Orthopedic surgery is a specialization of the bodies connective tissues. It treats or corrects injuries, congenital anomalies and disease of the bone, joints, ligaments, tendons, or muscle. Procedures focus on restoring bone and joint function, lost or diminished due to genetic _______ or _______. The primary goal is to alleviate _______. periosteum - ANSWER The __________ is the tough bilayered membrane covering the bones to protect the surface and provides attachments for tendons. Must be scraped away from the body before cutting or remodeling takes place. endosteum - ANSWER The _________ is the inner channels of long bones and fills the interstitial spaces of cancellous bone. Provides the nutritional substances and initiates bone growth. wrist, ankle - ANSWER Short bones: _______ and _______. patella - ANSWER Sesamoid bones:________ Synarthrosis - ANSWER _________ joint has eliminated movement [Skullbones]. Amphiarthrosis - ANSWER _________ join has slight movement [symphysis pubis]. Diarthrosis - ANSWER _________ or synovial joint: freely movable [hip and shoulder]. restoring, function, pain - ANSWER Orthopedic surgery is a specialization of the bodies connective tissues. It treats or corrects injuries, congenital anomalies and disease of the bone, joints, ligaments, tendons, or muscle. Procedures focus on _____ bone and joint _____, lost or diminished due to genetic injury or disease. The primary goal is to alleviate _____. soft tissues - ANSWER Our skeleton is a structural support for the ____ _____ of the body. It is divided into axial and appendicular. upper, lower, pelvis - ANSWER The appendicular skeleton includes the _____ extremities, _____ extremities and the _____. Upper - ANSWER The _____ extremities include the scapula, clavicle, humorous, glenoid fossa, ulnar, radius, carpal, and metacarpals. Lower - ANSWER _____ extremities include the ilium, ischium, pubis, femur, patella, tibia, fibula, calcaneus, cuboid, navicular, personals, and metatarsals. Endosteum - ANSWER The ______ is the inner channels of long bones and fills the interstitial spaces of cancellous bone. Provides the nutritional substances and initiates bone growth. diaphysis, epiphysis - ANSWER Long bones are characterized by the ______ (the middle shaft) and the ______ (the two ends). epiphyseal - ANSWER Break in the ______plate and a child may delay bone growth. Long - ANSWER _____ bones have shafts that are composed of compact bone with a hollow center. medullary canal - ANSWER Mature long bones have a hollow cavity called the _____ _____. cancellous - ANSWER The epiphysis is wider and has protrusions where ligaments are attached. This is composed of ______ bone that forms joints. This is covered with cartilage to strengthen the joint and reduced friction between the bones. Irregular - ANSWER ____ bones: vertebrae, spine and face. Flat - ANSWER _____ bones: ribs, cranial bones, scapula and sternum. vertebrae, spine, face - ANSWER Irregular bones: ____, ____, and ____. Landmarks, projections - ANSWER _____ or areas of attachment for ligaments provide a pathway for nerves and blood vessels. They appear as _____, bumps, ridges, channels and tunnels. Synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, Diarthrosis (or synovial): - ANSWER Joints are classified according to the degree of movement they allow in the shape of the articulating surface. ______ has limited movement [Skullbones]. And ______ has slight movement [symphysis pubis]. _______: freely movable [hip and shoulder]. synovial - ANSWER The ______ joint consists of articulating bone ends, connective tissues that surround and bind them. The joint capsule surrounds joint, containing nerves and blood vessels. Synovial, capsule - ANSWER The _____ membrane of each joint lines the capsule, provides viscous fluid that lubricates and nourishes the joint. The joint cavity is the space inside the joint _____ [during arthroscopic instruments enter this space]. Nonsynovial - ANSWER ______ joints are separated by immovable cartilaginous or fibrous tissue. elbow, knee - ANSWER Hinge joint: ____ and _____ thumb - ANSWER Saddle joint: _____ (only) spine - ANSWER Gliding joint: _____ Ball, socket - ANSWER ______ and _____ joint: hip and shoulder Pivot - ANSWER ______ joint 1st and 2nd vertebrae (neck) Condyloid - ANSWER ______joint: wrist, ankles wrist, ankles - ANSWER Condyloid joint: _____ and _____ Tendons - ANSWER ______ attach muscle to bone. It moves within a protective sheet filled with synovial fluid movement to the muscle system. Ligaments - ANSWER ________ attach bone to bone. This provides flexibility and strength to the skeletal structure. When attached to cartilage, they stabilize the joint and limit movements that might injure it. The tendons or ligaments do not have a significant blood supply. striated, smooth, and cardiac - ANSWER The three major types of muscle in the human body: _____, ______, and _____. CST - Chapter 31 - Orthopedic surgery Questions & Answers Correct 100%