BTEC First Health and Social care- Unit 1 |96 questions and answers

Life stages ? Life stages are the number of distinct phases people pass through during their lives. The six (6) life stages ? Infancy, Early childhood, Adolescence, Early Adulthood, Middle Adulthood and Late Adulthood Age range of Infancy ? 0 - 2 years old Age range of Early childhood ? 3-8 years old Age range of Adolescence ? 9-18 years Age range of Early adulthood ? 19-45 years old Age range of Middle adulthood ? 45- 65 years old Age range of Late adulthood ? 65 years old and over PIES ? Physical, Intellectual, Emotional and Social- the four groups of growth and development. Self-Image ? Self-image is the mental picture that we have of ourselves. Self-esteem ? Is how much you like, accept and respect yourself or how much you value yourself Social development ? The ability to interact with others around us in society and build relationships Gross motor skills ? The ability to control and coordinate the movement of the large limbs of the body, e.g. crawling, walking and running. Fine motor skills ? The ability to control and coordinate the movements of the hands and fingers, e.g. writing, painting, holding a mobile phone and using an Ipad Language development ? The process which children go through as they learn to communicate with others using words and speech Egocentric ? Seeing things from only your own perspective/viewpoint A bond ? To form an attachment with a parent/carer Intellectual development during Infancy ? Communicates with their senses and uses sounds from birth- screaming and smilling. Then they begin to babble, know one word, then to 2-3 words and then they can make a simple sentence. Emotional development during Infancy ? From Birth to 7 months- the infant does not mind who holds them, they may not being put down. Between 7 months and 12 months- they form a strong bond with their main carers and be wary of strangers and often cry if held by others. After 12 months, they start to form bonds with other people - the attachment process What happens during social development in Infancy ? The interaction between the infant with others Why is early relationship development important for infants ? As it acts as a model for future relationships What are the main relationships in infancy ? Relationships with parents, carers and brothers and sisters What is another way infants can learn social development ? Through play What is the importance of play ? Infants start the learn the process of sharing. By what age can a child walk the up the stairs unaided and hold a crayon or pencil to draw or write ? By 5 years old By what age can a child usually catch and throw quite well and will have a good sense of balance ? By 8 years old By what age can most children speak in full sentences and have quite a good vocabulary ? By 8 years old How do children learn to act and behave and particular situations ? By watching others and asking questions What age range do children begin to learn how to handle their feelings ? Between three and eight years old What age range do children begin to learn how to widen their social group and form friendships with others ? Between three and eight years old Solitary or infancy play ? When children play alone using their imagination and do not interact with other children. Parellel play ? When children play alongside each other, but not together. Toys are not shared cooperatively. What is social play ? When children play together, sharing their toys. What age range is solitary or infancy play ? 0-2 years old What age range is parallel play ? 2- 3 years old What age range is social play ? 3-8 years old, by the age of eight the child will engage in quite complex games that often require the use of imagination. What is the key physical feature of adolescence ? Puberty, the reaching of sexual maturity. Is there a difference between the ages girls and boys enter adolescence Yes, girls enter adolescence earlier than boys. What hormone causes the physical changes seen in puberty in girls ? Oestrogen What hormone causes the physical changes seen in puberty in boys ? Testosterone Oestrogen? A hormone produced in a women's ovaries that controls sexual development in women and stimulates the changes of the reproductive organs. Testosterone ? A hormone produced by the testes that controls the development of male sexual characteristics. What are the intellectual changes that happen in adolescence ? The development of abstract thinking, the ability to think in a more logical way and to empathise. Abstract thinking ? The ability to think about something that might not be there or even exist. How is emotional development altered in adolescence ? Large hormonal changes leads to mood swings, frustrations, insecurities and confusion, as teenagers find their own personality and indentity. Feelings of physical attractions also begin to develop, with young people first close and intimate relationships with another person. How does social development develop in adolescence ? Young people socialise more and have more independence and freedom. Young people are also influenced by the views, opnions and behaviour of their friends. Peer group pressure? When a social group or a group of friends encourages or influences others within the group to conform to the groups beliefs and behaviour What are the common features of Early Adulthood ? Starting work, meeting a partner, settling down and starting a family. What are the common features of physical development of Early Adulthood ? People reach their physical peak in early adulthood, and towards the end of early adulthood physical capabilities start to decrease and fertility levels also decrease. Peoples metabolic rate also decreases and as a result people to begin to burn less calories and may gain weight. Menopause ? The natural and permanent stopping of menstruation (peroids), which usually occurs between the age of 45 and 55. How does intellectual development develop in Early Adulthood? Adults have the capability for intellectual development throughhout adulthood. For example, deciding to carry on their education in their twenties and thirties and also gaining new skills and better qualifications to improve their career. Often thought of as 'lifelong learning'. How does emotional development develop in Early Adulthood? Adults develop close and intimate relationships with others, these relationships create feelings of security. Some people may choose to live alone by choice or as a result of relationship breakdown. Early Adulthood is also the time when people choose to start a family. How does social development develop in Early Adulthood? During the early years of adulthood, people are free to have an active social life, make new friends and build new relationships. As people get older, get married and have children, a repsonsbile job and a mortgage it can be difficult to balance a work life, family life and a social life. Middle adulthood ? The age range between 46- 65 years of age. Mid-life crisis ? A period of self- doubt caused by the passing of youth and the move into later adulthood. How does physical development develop in Middle Adulthood? Physical capabilities decline and muscle tone is not as good as it was. People may feel that they have lower energy levels and sight and hearing begin to decline. Skin loses its elasticity, and wrinkles become more noticeable. Hair becomes greyer and some men lose some of their hair and become bald.