infection control Healthcare Final Exam Questions & Answers Solved 100%

Microorganisms - Answer Can't see with eye, have to see with microscope, spread by direct or indirect contact, most spread by indirect, can live for hours or days on object, and for years in soil (dorment) Pathogen - Answer Microorganism that causes infection ex: good bacteria Nonpathogen - Answer Microorganism that doesn't cause infection What does an antibiotic kill? - Answer Good and bad pathogen What do probiotics do ? - Answer Treat IBS Efficient digestion Protect against pathogens Exogenous - Answer Infection/disease that originate outside the body. Ex: pathogen that invaded the body Endogenous - Answer Infection/disease that originate within the body NOT CONTAGIOUS ex: cancer,metabolic disorders, body malfunction. Nosocomial - Answer * Infection acquired in a hospital/long term care facility *transmitted from healthcare worker to patient *prevention = hand washing and PPE'S Opportunistic - Answer Infection that occurs when the body's immune system is weak Ex: HIV pt. , cancer pt. What are the six types of pathogens? - Answer Cocci, bacilli, spirilla, Protozoa, fungi, virus What is used on pathogens - Answer Antibiotics Cocci - Answer - round shaped - streptococcus/staphylococcus -most common Bacilli - Answer -rod shaped -able to form spore - difficult to kill -TB, pertussis, tetanus Spirilla - Answer -spiral shape -syphilis / cholera Protozoa - Answer -parasites -found in decayed material/contaminated water - contain flagella (tail like) to move freely -cause malaria, dysentery, African sleeping sickness - attaches to intestines Fungi - Answer -plant like organism that lives in the environment -contains spores (itches) -ringworm, athletes foot, candida Virus - Answer -smallest pathogen (hardest to kill) -cannot reproduce unless they are inside another living cell -resistant to disinfectants -common cold, chicken pox, flu, hepatitis, HIV Chain of infection in order - Answer Causative agent reservoir Portal of exit Mode of transmission Portal of entry Susceptible host