NR 566 Final Exam Study Guide 2021/2022 Exam (elaborations)

NR 566 Final Exam Study Guide 2021/2022 Exam (elaborations) Week 5 Prevention of osteoporosis with hormone replacement therapy (p. 433) Hormone therapy (HT) reduces postmenopausal bone loss & thereby decreases the risk for osteoporosis & related fractures. Unfortunately, when HT is stopped, bone mass rapidly decreases by approximately 12%. Hence to maintain bone health, HT must continue lifelong. As a result, the risk for harm is increased. Accordingly, alternative treatments are preferred. Effective alternatives to HT include raloxifene (Evista) & bisphosphonates like alendronate (Fosamax), calcitonin (Miacalcin), & teriparatide (Forteo). All patients should practice primary prevention of bone loss by ensuring adequate intake of calcium & vitamin D, performing regular weight-bearing exercise, & avoiding smoking & excessive alcohol use.