Psychology Chapter 2 Brain States and Consciousness Exam Solved 100% Correct!!

Consciousness - awareness of ourselves and the environment Selective attention - focusing conscious awareness on a particular stimulus inattention blindness - failure to see visible objects when focusing on another thing change blindness - failure to notice changes in the environment Circadian Rhythm When is thinking the sharpest? - internal body clock that occurs on the 24 hour scale; even if one pulls an all nighter, the person will feel super groggy in the middle of the night, but will experience a burst of energy at a time s/he would wake up Thinking is sharpest during daily peak in circadian arousal (Note: young = late. old = early) Rem Sleep What happens during this stage? - Rapid eye movement sleep Muscles are relaxed, but other body systems, especially eyes, are active Brain waves are very rapid and saw-toothed. heart rate rises and breathing is rapid and irregular.Dreams occur in this stage. Genitals are aroused during this state. Brainstem blocks messages from motor cortex during this stage, and one can't be awakened in this sleep stage. Repeats every 90 minutes Stage 1 sleep (NREM 1) - May experience fantastic images that resembles hallucinations. Sensation of falling or floating weightlessly. Stage 2 sleep (NREM 2) - Burst of rapid rhythmic brain-wave activity. Can still be awakened, but clearly asleep. Stage 3 sleep (NREM 3) - Slow wave sleep (Delta waves) Hard to awaken Melatonin - Sleep inducing hormone Narcolepsy - Collapsing directly into REM sleep Insomnia - recurring problems in falling or staying asleep sleep apnea - sleeping person repeatedly stops breathing until blood oxygen is so low that it awakens the person just long enough to draw a breathe Sleep walking occurs during Stage Can people remember anything during sleep walking? - 3 (NREM 3) no Manifest content - the dream's remembered story lineLatent content - The dream's underlining meaning Why do we dream? - To satisfy wishes To file away memories To develop and preserve neural pathways To make sense of neural static To reflect cognitive development REM rebound - tendency to increase REM sleep following REM sleep deprivation