Chapter 2 The Nurse's Role in Maternity, Women's Health, and Pediatric Nursing exam questions and answers

Teaching/ Learning 1. Teach the pt while performing the procedure 2. Have the pt tell the RN how to do the procedure while the RN is performing 3.Have the pt say the procedure while the pt is performing the procedure Fallow up care Give consult for home care visit Teaching begins early, before and during a woman's prenatal care, and continues through her recovery from childbirth and learning to care for her newborn, and into her care in women's health. Nurses who care for children prepare them for procedures, hospitalization, or surgery, using knowledge of growth and development to teach children at various levels of understanding. Certified Nurse-Midwives registered nurses who have completed an extensive program of study and clinical experience. They must pass a certification test administered by the American College of Nurse-Midwives. CNMs are qualified to provide complete care during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period in uncomplicated pregnancies. They provide information about preventive measures and preparation for normal pregnancy and childbirth. Nurse Practitioners advanced practice nurses who work according to protocols and provide many primary care services that were once provided only by physicians. Most nurse practitioners collaborate with a physician, but, depending on their scope of practice and their individual state's board of nursing mandates, they may work independently and prescribe medications. Women's health nurse practitioners provide wellness-focused, primary, reproductive, and gynecologic care over the life span but do not usually manage care of women during pregnancy and birth. Common responsibilities include performing well-woman examinations, screening for sexually transmitted diseases, and providing family planning services. Family nurse practitioners prepared to provide care for people of all ages. They may care for women during uncomplicated pregnancies and provide follow-up care for the mother and infant after childbirth. Unlike certified nurse-midwives, they do not assist with childbirth. They diagnose and treat patients holistically, with a strong emphasis on prevention. Pediatric nurse practitioners advanced skills to assess and treat well and ill children according to established protocols. The health care services they provide range from physical examinations and anticipatory guidance to the treatment of common illnesses and injuries. School nurse practitioners receive education and training that is similar to that of pediatric nurse practitioners. However, because of the setting in which they practice, the school nurse practitioners receive advanced education in managing chronic illness, disability, and mental health problems in a school setting, as well as developing skills required to communicate effectively with students, teachers, school administrators, and community health care providers. Clinical Nurse Specialists registered nurses who, through study and supervised practice at the graduate level (master's or doctorate), have become expert in the care of childbearing families or pediatric patients. Four major subroles have been identified for clinical nurse specialists: expert practitioner, educator, researcher, and consultant. These professionals often function as clinical leaders, role models, patient advocates, and change agents. Clinical Nurse Leaders master's prepared generalist whose focus is on quality, safety, and optimal patient outcomes at point of care. All CNLs receive the same basic preparation in a master's program, which includes advanced pathophysiology, pharmacology, and health assessment, among other courses that prepare them to assume leadership roles within their specific practice settings. Extensive practicum experiences assist them with assessing quality and safety at the micro- and macrosystems levels in order to improve direct patient care. ABCDEs of critical thinking A Recognizing Assumptions B Examining Biases C Analyzing the Need for Closure D Managing Data Collecting Data Validating Data Organizing and Analyzing Data E Evaluating Other Factors Setting priorities includes (1) determining what problems need immediate attention (i.e., life-threatening problems) and taking immediate action; (2) determining whether there are problems that call for a physician's orders for diagnosis, monitoring, or treatment; and (3) identifying actual nursing diagnoses, which take precedence over at-risk diagnoses. Evidence-based practice to improve patient outcomes is a combination of asking an appropriate clinical question; acquiring, appraising, and using the highest level of published research; clinical expertise; and patient values and preferences