Summary ANATOMY OF THE THORAX

Anatomy of the Thorax Thoracic wall Layers of the thoracic wall From superficial to deep; 1. Skin. 2. Superficial fascia. 3. Deep fascia. 5. Bones 4. Muscles. 5.Blood supply /innervation 5. Endothoracic fascia 6. Parietal pleura 1. The Skin -Is a thin skin -Hair distribution is variable and depends on the age, sex and race -Lines of cleavage lies horizontal  2. Superficial fascia -Is more dense on the posterior aspect of the chest to sustain the pressure of the body when lying in supine position. Contents A. Cutaneous nerves: The skin above the horizontal line drawn at the level of sternal angle is supplied by the 3 branches of supraclavicular nerves (C3 and C4)-The medial, intermediate and lateral supraclavicular nerves. • The skin below this horizontal line is supplied by anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of the anterior rami of intercostal nerves T2-T6. N.B. The anterior rami of C5 to T1 innervate the skin of the upper limb.