Statistics Module 9

Statistics Module 9 Inferential Statistics - Ratio of the good to bad variance Requirements for causality - Hypothesis testing - Alpha (significance level) - The probability level below which a result is considered to be sufficiently unlikely to be due to chance (a = 0.5) P value (Probability Value) - The probability that an outcome or one more extreme is due simply to chance. The probability of obtaining that statistic given that the null hypothesis is true Systematic variance - Difference as a result of an identifiable factor like your variable of interest/IV Error variance - Difference as a result of random and unpredictable factors Type I Error - Reject null when null is true. Likelihood of making this error is 5% Type II Error - Fail to reject null when null is false Null hypothesis - Most common form of inferential analysis to determine statistical significance. It is directly examined by the statistical test Alternative hypothesis - Hypothesis that is contrary to the null hypothesis Nondirectional hypothesis - Statistically significant - Unlikely to be due to chance (p value < 0.05)