Florida Cosmetology State Board Review State Questions with 100% Correct Answers| Graded A+

bruised nail - blood clot forms under nail plate, causing dark purplish spot eggshell nails - noticeably thin, white nail plates that are more flexible than normal beaus lines - visible depressions running across the width of the natural nail plate, result from injury, pneumonia, drug reaction, surgery, heart failure hang nail - aka agnail, condition in which living skin around nail plate splits and tears leukonychia spots - white spots, caused by minor injury to nail matrix, not a vitamin deficiency melanonychia - darkening of toenails discolored nails - nails that turn variety of colors, due to surface staining, systemic disorder, or poor blood circulation. onychophagy - aka bitten nails onycorrhexis - split or brittle nails that have series of lengthwise ridges giving rough appearance pliactered nail - aka folded nail, type of highly curved nail plate caused by injury to matrix. leads to ingrown toenails nail pterygium - abnormal condition that occurs when skin is stretched out by the nail plate, usually caused by serious injury. do not attempt to treat/ push back extension of skin with instrument. nail ridges - vertical lines running down length of natural nail plate, caused by uneven growth of nails or aging. splinter hemorrages - caused by physical trauma or injury to nail bed that damages the capillaries and allows small amounts of blood flow. trumpet nail - also known as pincer nail, nail plate with deep or sharp curvature at the free edge that causes the sidewalls to pinch into a deep curve. Pseudomonas aeruginosa - common bacteria that can cause a nail infection, or staphylococcus aureus. onychia - inflammation of nail matrix, followed by shedding of nail onycholysis - lifting of nail plate from nail bed, without shedding usually beginning at the free edge and continuing towards Luna area. onychomadesis - separation and falling off of a nail plate from nail bed, can affect fingernails and toenails nail psoriasis - tiny pits or severe roughness of nail plate, can affect nail bed causing it to develop reddish spots aka salmon patches onychomycosis - fungal infection of the natural nail plate paronychia - bacterial inflammation of the tissues around the nail plate causing swelling and redness pyogenic granuloma - severe inflammation of the nail in which a lump of red tissue grows up from the nail bed to the nail plate tinea pedis - red, sometimes scaly, itchy rash on skin at bottom of feet and/or inbetween toes. fungal infection of feet. aka athletes foot onychosis - ANY deformity/disease of nail onychocryptosis - ingrown nail layer of hair that provides strength/elasticity - cortex natural ph of hair - 4.5-5.5 wrapping at a 90 degree angle is ____ base placement. - half- off base reduction reaction involves either the addition of hydrogen or removal of - oxygen most alkaline permanent waves have ph between - 9.0-9.6 two basic components of acid waves are permanent wave solution, activator and - neutralizer endothermic wave must be activated using - outside heat source permanent wave solution should be rinsed from the hair for a minimum of - 5 mins _____ relaxer usually has a ph value above 10 - thio chemical hydroxide ions left on the hair after a relaxer can be neutralized using - acid balanced shampoo no lye relaxer - lithium and potassium hydroxide relaxers which type of bonds are relatively weak physical side bonds that are the result of negative and positive electrical changes - salt bonds which type of rod is also known as circle rod - loop rod chemical texturizer ______ the ph of the hair - raises GTMG, the primary reducing agent in all acid waves has - a low PH ammonia free waves - PH 7.0-9.6 Use Monoethanolamine/Aminomethylpropanol (MEA/AMP) as active ingredient process at room temperature best for porous to normal hair in permanent waving, most processing takes place within ___ mins - 5-10 with extremely curly hair, the twists are the _____ sections of the hair - thinnest and weakest if the clients hair has been treated with a ________ relaxer it will not hold a curl - hydroxide relaxer a ____ is a perm wrap in which one end paper is placed under and another is placed over the strand of hair being wrapped - double flat wrap which type of rods are usually 12 inches long with uniform diameter along the entire length - soft bender rods thioglycolic acid - is a common reducing agent, strong unpleasant odor, the medulla is the______ layer of the hair - innermost the chemical bonds that join amino acids together are called - peptide bonds aka end bond which of these is a method of hair straightening that combines the use of a thio relaxer with flat ironing - Japanese thermal straightening aka thermal reconditioning which relaxer requires the application of protective base cream to the entire scalp prior to application of the relaxer - base relaxer the middle layer of the hair - cortex commonly referrered to as lye relaxer - sodium hydroxide thickness/thinness in liquid - viscosity