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Samenvatting geneeskunde heelkunde - cardiologie - kleplijden

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Een uitgebreide samenvatting over cardiologie, over het onderwerp 'kleplijden'.

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September 25, 2023
Number of pages
3
Written in
2021/2022
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Maes Chelsea 2VBl Geneeskunde heelkunde CARDIOLOGIE


Kleplijden

-ATRIOVENTRICULAIRE KLEPPEN:
Mitralisklep, tricuspidalisklep
-KLEPPEN TUSSEN VENTRIKEL EN CIRCULATIE:
Pulmonalisklep, aortaklep



 Som minstens 5 verschillende oorzaken van aortaklepinsufficiëntie op.

- Congenitaal kleplijden
-Bicuspidie (meest frequente oorzaak, klep is 2slippig ipv 3slippig)
-Associatie van AI met VSD: prolaps van de klep (VSD: ventrikelseptumdefect:
aangeboren hartafwijking ‘gaatje in hart’)
-Associatie met subaortische AS (aortastenose)
- Reumatisch kleplijden
- Endocarditis
- Hypertensief hartlijden
- Dilatatie van de aortawortel/ascendens
-Hypertensief hartlijden
-Syndroom van Marfan, cyctische media necrose, osteogenesis imperfecta,
ziekte van Bechterew, syfilis
- Dissectie van de aorta ascendens


 Hoe behandelen we patiënten met aortaklepinsufficiëntie?

- Medicamenteus:
-Optimale controle van de bloeddruk (voorkeur ACE-i en angiotensine blokkers)
-Echocardio om de 6 maanden. Weerslag op linker ventrikel?
- Chirurgisch:
-Doel: Evolutie naar hartfalen voorkomen
-Zelden herstel, meestal bioprothese of kunstklep
-Wanneer opereren?
-Bij ernstige aorta ascendens dilatatie
-Bij ernstige aortaklepinsufficiëntie met symptomen
-Bij ernstige asymptomatische AI als:
-Linker ventrikel > 7cm diastolisch of > 5cm systolisch is
-Ejectiefractie <50% (Percentage bloed dat hart verlaat na samentrekken)




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