Microbiology: An introduction (Tortora) Ch. 1 (Correctly Solved!)

Microbes (Microorganisms) correct answers Minute living things individually too small to be seen w/ unaided eye. Includes bacteria, protozoa, microscopic algae, archaea, fungi, multicellular animal parasites Pathogenic microorganisms correct answers Disease-carrying organisms that are too small to be seen with the naked eye Genus correct answers (biology) taxonomic group containing one or more species Specific eithet (species) correct answers Name that follows genus, not capitalized. Bacteria (singular bacterium) correct answers Simple, single-celled, prokaryotic organisms, have peptidoglycan cell walls, reproduce through binary fission. Make energy by use of organic and inorganic chemicals, and/or through photosynthesis Prokaryotes correct answers A single-celled organism that has no nucleus and has no membrane-bound organelles Archaea correct answers Prokaryotic single-celled organisms that lack peptidoglycan in their cells walls. Live in extreme environments. Divided into three subsets: Methanogens, Extreme Halophiles, Thermophiles. Fungi (sing: fungus) correct answers Eukaryotes, Chitin cell walls, Use organic chemicals for energy, Molds and mushrooms are multicellular, consisting of masses of mycelia, which are composed of filaments called hyphae. Yeasts are unicellular Eukaryotes correct answers All multicellular and unicellular nonbacteria organisms. Bounded by a cell membrane and contains cytoplasm. cytoplasm contains organelles suspended in a semifluid medium called cytosol. The genetic material consists of linear strands of DNA organized into chromosomes located in the nucleus. Protozoa (sing: protozoan) correct answers Eukaryotes, Absorb or ingest organic chemicals. May be motile via pseudopods, cilia, or flagella. Protozoa have no cell wall. Have a thickening of their cell membrane, but have no cell wall Algae (sing: alga) correct answers Eukaryotes, Cellulose cell walls. Use photosynthesis for energy. Produce molecular oxygen and organic compounds Viruses correct answers Acellular, Consists of DNA or RNA core, Core is surrounded by a protein coat, Coat may be enclosed in a lipid envelope, Are replicated only when they are in a living host cell