ANCC PMHNP CHPT 8 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS VERIFIED & UPDATED

psychoanalytic therapy originated by Freud promotes change by the development of greater insight and awareness of maladaptive defenses cognitive therapy originated by Aaron Beck external events do not cause anxiety or maladaptive responses , person's expectations or perceptions of event cause anxiety behavioral therapy orig by Arnold Lazarus focus on changing maladaptive behaviors (ex: problem-solving, role-playing, exposure, relaxation) DBT Marsha Linehan, commonly used with BPD Existential therapy Viktor frankl A philosophical approach in which reflection on life and self-confrontation is encouraged goal is to live authentically and to focus on the present and on personal responsibility humanistic therapy Carl Rogers People are born with the capacity to direct themselves toward self-actualization interpersonal therapy orig by gerald Klerman and Myrna Weissman interpersonal issues are creating distress time-limited, active focused on the present and on interpersonal distress EMDR Orig by Francis Shapiro a form of behavioral and exposure therapy involves the use of bilateral stimulation--moving eyes back and forth, alternating tapping on hand or knee, or sounds in ears goal is to achieve adaptive resolution 3 phases of EMDR desensitization phase: client visualizes trauma, verbalizes negative thoughts and remains attentive to physical sensations; maintains rhythmic eye movements installation phase: client installs and increases strength of the positive thought that he or she has declared as a replacement of the original negative thought Body Scan: client visualizes the trauma along with the positive thought and then scans his or her body mentally to identify any tension within group therapy Irvin Yalom was first person to put a theoretical perspective on group work and identified 10 curative factors that differentiate group therapy from individual therapy Group phases pregroup phase: leader considers the direction and framework of the group forming: members concerned about self disclosure and being rejected; goals are indentified storming: members are resistant and may begin using testing behaviors norming: resistance to the group is overcome by members, open and spontaneous communication occurs Performing: group's work becomes more focused, creative problem solving begins to emerge Adjourning: prepare to end group family systems therapy originated by murray bowen focus is on chronic anxiety within families goal is to increase family's awareness of each member's function within the family and increase levels of self-differentiation (level at which one's self worth is not dependent on external relationships, circumstances or occurrences) Structural family therapy originated by Minuchin emphasis on how, when and whom family members relate in order to understand and then change the family's structure a person's symptoms are rooted in the context of family transaction patterns family structure made up of subsystems, coalitions and boundaries Strategic therapy developed by Jay Haley symptoms viewed as metaphors and reflect problems in hierarchical structure interventions are more problem-focused; more symptom-focused than structural therapy techniques: straightforward directives, paradoxical directives, reframing belief systems Solution-focused therapy developed by DeShazer, O'Hanlon and Berg focus is to rework for the present situation solutions that have worked previously techniques: miracle questions, exception-finding questions, scaling questions biofeedback process provides person with visual or auditory information about the autonomic physiologic function of his or her body and how to consciously control these processes Omega 3 fatty acids used for ADHD, dyslexia, cognitive impariment, dementia, CV dz, asthma, lupus and rheumatoid arthritis interacts with warfarin, increases anticoag effect (stop using before surgery) Sam-e used for depression, OA, and liver dz may cause hypomania, hyperactive muscle movements and possible serotonin syndrome tryptophan used for depression, obesity, insomnia, headaches and fibromyalgia increased risk of serotonin syndrome with use of SSRIs, MAOIs and St. John's wort Vitamin E used to enhance immune system and protect cells against free radicals interacts with warfarin, increased anticoag effect; antiplatelet drugs and statins, increasing additive effects and risk of rhabdo