USMLE step 2 rapid review Renal Exam Questions With Correct Answers

Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) associated with abnormal H+ secretion and nephrolithiasis - Answer Type 1 (Distal) RTA RTA associated with abnormal HCO3 and rickets - Answer Type 2 proximal RTA RTA associated with aldosterone defect - Answer Type 4 distal RTA Doughy skin - Answer hypernatremia Differential for hypervolemic Hyponatremia - Answer Cirrhosis, CHF, nephrotic syndrome Chovestks sign, and Trosseuas - Answer Hypocalcemia The most common cause of Hypercalcemia - Answer malignancy and Hyperparathyroidism T wave flattening and U waves - Answer Hypokalemia (watch for DI) Peaked T waves and widened QRS - Answer Hyperkalemia (Calcium gluconate) First line treatment for moderate Hypercalcemia - Answer IV hydration and loop diuretics (Furosemide) Type of Acute renal failure in a patient with FeNa < 1% - Answer Prerenal A 49 year old man presents with acute onset flank pain and hematuria - Answer nephrolithiasis