ACE PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS

ACE PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS The initial assessment with a new client reveals that her waist circumference is 35 inches and her hip circumference is 34 inches. Which of the following statements about these measurements is MOST accurate? She is at risk for health problems due to excess abdominal fat. During the initial interview, a new client claims, "I want to lose 15 lb. (6.8 kg) in the next month for my high school reunion." Which of the following responses would be MOST appropriate? Acknowledge her enthusiasm and help her develop more realistic goals and a series of achievable steps to work toward them. Larry is a client with whom you have been working for the past three months. During that time, he has cancelled or failed to show up for approximately 20% of scheduled workout sessions with you. Recently, Larry's work commitments have increased and he informs you that he will not be exercising until his work load decreases. In which stage of the transtheoretical model of behavioral change would Larry CURRENTLY be categorized? Contemplation -Larry has relapsed to being physically inactive due to his work commitments, and has regressed to this stage of change. Individuals in the contemplation stage weigh the costs and benefits of lifestyle modification and are often ambivalent about changing. Individuals can remain in this stage for months or years, alternating between approaching readiness to make an effort at change and distancing themselves from it. Larry will have to decide to initiate a new exercise program before he can move back to the preparation stage and eventually to the action and maintenance stages. What is a diabetic client MOST likely to experience if he or she takes too much insulin prior to an exercise session? Hypoglycemia -Insulin causes glucose to move from the circulatory system into the working cells. Exercise has an insulin-like effect, resulting in increased glucose uptake by the cells as well. Therefore, if a client takes too much insulin prior to exercise, the client would have two factors (insulin and exercise) that would be facilitating increased glucose uptake by the cells. This will cause a drop in blood glucose, potentially leading to low blood glucose, or hypoglycemia. When performing initial cardiorespiratory fitness assessments with a client who is taking a beta blocker, which of the following medication-related effects SHOULD be expected? Decreased exercise heart rate and decreased resting heart rate beta-adrenergic blocking agents, or beta blockers, cause both a decreased exercise heart rate and a decreased resting heart rate. At your request, a client visits his physician regarding recurrent leg pain. The physician diagnoses him with sciatica and instructs him to complete physical therapy for his problem. Which muscle is MOST commonly involved with sciatica due to its location relative to the sciatic nerve? Piriformis -Tightness or spasm in the deep lateral rotators of the hip, particularly the piriformis, can lead to hip and leg pain, since the sciatic nerve often passes through or just inferior to the piriformis and can become irritated by a spasm in the piriformis. The "talk test" would be LEAST appropriate for which of the following clients? A marathon runner trying to qualify for the Boston Marathon -because they have specific training time spent below VT1, from VT1 to below VT2, and VT2 and above; or Zones 1, 2, and 3 Postural screening conducted with a new client reveals that he has an exaggerated posterior curve in his thoracic spine and forward, rounded shoulders, with the backs of his hands facing forward. Which of the following sets of muscles and muscle groups should be the PRIMARY focus of a flexibility program designed to address this client's postural deviations? Shoulder adductors and serratus anterior kyphosis posture is associated with tight shoulder adductors (pectoralis major) and tight scapular abductors (serratus anterior) which pull the scapular into protraction. A new client tells you that he has been jogging 3-4 days per week for the past six weeks following a program from a popular health magazine. He has worked his way up to jogging 30 continuous minutes at an intensity of 70% of his predicted maximal HR, which he calculated by subtracting his age from 220. As you design a new program for him, what method for monitoring cardiorespiratory exercise intensity should be used to provide the MOST individualized training program? Programming above/below HR at VT1 determined via the submaximal talk test for VT1 A new client wants to lose weight and body fat, and agrees to have his body composition assessed during the initial session. He currently weighs 220 lb (100 kg) with 25% body fat (BF%). He wants to decrease his body-fat level to 15%. If he maintains his current lean body weight (LBW), what will his new weight be when he reaches his goal of 15% body fat? 194 lb -Step 1: 100% - Fat % = Lean body % 100% - 25% = 75% Step 2: Body weight x Lean body % = LBW 220 lb x 0.75 = 165 lb Step 3: 100% - Desired fat % = Desired lean % 100% - 15% = 85% Step 4: LBW ÷ Desired lean % = DBW 165 lb ÷ 0.85 = 194 lb Which of the following flexibility assessment results would indicate TIGHTNESS in the infraspinatus and teres minor? Limited ROM during internal shoulder rotation imitations in internal shoulder rotation are generally due to tightness in the external rotators (Infraspinatus and teres minor ) A new client requests to train only at local beaches, parks, and trails. What is the FIRST precaution to take when training clients outdoors in public places? The trainer should check with the city or property manager to make sure that the areas of interest for training have been identified as "legal." -as it is the responsibility of the fitness professional to be familiar with local laws, as in some jurisdictions it is illegal to train clients on public beaches, parks, and/or trails. You are checking equipment in preparation for your next client to arrive for her training session and notice that an exercise bike is not functioning properly and may pose a danger to your client and other gym members. What is the BEST plan of action to take concerning this piece of equipment? Remove the exercise bike from the gym floor Which of the following recommendations for fluid intake is CORRECT for a client who primarily exercises outside during hot weather? 7-10 fluid ounces of water every 10-20 minutes clients working in hot environments should drink -17-20 ounces of water two hours prior to exercise -7-10 ounces every 10-20 minutes during exercise -16-24 ounces after exercise for every pound lost Once a client is proficient at performing jumps in place and single linear jumps, which of the following plyometric drills would provide the MOST appropriate intensity progression? Multiple linear jumps as intensity of plyometric drills increases according to the following progression: jumping in place — single linear jumps — multiple linear jumps — multidirectional jumps — hops and bounds —depth jumps. Which of the following provides the BEST assessment of muscular strength? 1 RM bench-press test The 1 RM bench-press test is an assessment of muscular strength Client: 47-year-old male Physician clearance: Yes Medical/health concerns: Smokes 25+ cigarettes per day Blood pressure: 136/87 mmHg Family history: Father had a heart attack at age 63 Past activity level: Wrestled and threw shot put in high school Current activity level: Walks dog at a leisurely pace, 20 minutes a day Main fitness goals: To improve strength and stamina and feel more fit Given the information above, what is the client's "total score" for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease using the ACSM risk factor thresholds? +3 - as this client has 3 positive risk factors according to the ACSM risk factor thresholds. His positive risk factors are his age (47 years old), being a current smoker, and being sedentary. A client who you have been working with two days a week for six months is looking for a change in his routine. His motivation is lacking during training sessions and he is starting to complain that the cost of his training sessions is too much. What is the BEST recommendation to help boost this client's motivation and adherence? Suggest that the client try your small-group training sessions -Small-group training will provide variety for the client so that he is not bored, and it will save the client money because the trainer can decrease the cost per session per client. Which of the following scenarios qualifies as a serious HIPAA Violation? The trainer stores files behind the front desk for easy access. - Progressing to a three-zone cardiorespiratory training program with intensities performed below VT1, from VT1 to just below VT2, and at VT2 and above would be warranted for which of the following clients? 53-year-old female runner who runs 4-6 days per week and wants to qualify for the Boston Marathon Which of the following would be WITHIN the scope of practice for personal trainers? Explaining foods and meal-preparation methods that a client can select at home and at restaurants to decrease saturated fat intake A 58-year-old client you have been working with for several months tells you that she just completed a bone mineral density (BMD) scan and was diagnosed with osteopenia. Her physician has given her a medical release to exercise as tolerated to improve bone density and general fitness. Her exercise program currently consists of swimming (30 minutes; 3 days per week), walking (30 minutes; 2 days per week), and resistance training (2 sets of 12-15 repetitions performed 2 days per week for all major muscle groups). Which program modification would be MOST important to implement at this time? Modify resistance training to include two sets of each exercise with a weight that fatigues the muscles in approximately eight repetitions A client has achieved his initial goal of running a 10K (6.2 miles) in 50 minutes but would like to improve his time. His program consists of 30-50 minute runs, three to four times per week. What modification would be MOST effective in helping this client achieve his new goal? Incorporate a running interval-training program -as interval training is effective in increasing speed, lactate threshold, and overall aerobic power. Which of the following exercises would be MOST appropriate to include in a client's initial exercise program if he has postural issues due to a lack of range of motion (ROM) in hip extension? Half-kneeling triplanar stretch - A lack of ROM in hip extension is generally due to tight hip flexors half-kneeling triplanar stretches? the hip flexors and improves mobility! Which of the following produces a stretch reflex when stimulated? muscle spindles Which strategy would provide the BEST agreement between the client and trainer with respect to the client's motivation and goals? The trainer should design the initial program based on the client's expectations and prior experience. Reducing exercise intensity is recommended in which of the following situations? Following a 2-week period of complete rest -as extended periods of inactivity can lead to a loss of fitness and muscle atrophy. You have asked a new client to maintain a three-day food diary, which reveals the following average daily intake: Breakfast: Plain yogurt (1 cup) with fresh fruits (1/2 cup), 2 slices whole-wheat toast with butter, coffee (12 oz), and orange juice (6 oz) Lunch: Salad with lettuce, tomato, cucumber, carrots, and olive oil dressing; a provolone cheese and avocado sandwich with lettuce, tomato, and mustard; and iced tea (16 oz) Snack: Carrots and celery Dinner: Spaghetti with tomato, eggplant, and basil; French bread; and one glass of red wine According to the DASH Eating Plan, what food groups are lacking in this client's diet? Meats, poultry, and fish, and nuts, seeds, and dry beans A client comes to you after a physician's appointment where she was diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome. Which exercise should be considered CONTRAINDICATED when designing a program for this client? push ups! The wife of a client training under your supervision calls to request progress information for her husband so that she can evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the program. Your client has been doing well and states that he enjoys working with you. What is the BEST response? Politely decline to discuss her husband's progress and suggest that she communicate directly with him. What is the PRIMARY goal of adding the hip-hinge exercise to a client's program when progressing her from a program focused on postural stability to one focused on training movement patterns? Emphasizing "glute dominance" over "quad dominance" hich exercise is CONTRAINDICATED for a client with a history of shoulder impingement syndrome? Overhead barbell press in the frontal plane Which of the following would be CONTRAINDICATED for a client who has low-back pain and a physician's release to exercise as tolerated? Performing full-ROM low-back exercises first thing in the morning when the body is well rested When should you not do crunches or low back exercise? IN THE MORNING, RIGHT AFTER YOU HAVE WOKEN UP! Which of the following is an example of an open-ended question? "What do you hope to achieve from an exercise program?" - Open-ended questions can be used by a personal trainer to gain a deeper understanding of the client's health history, interests, exercise experience, and other factors related to the exercise program. According to the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) 2005 Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI), what are the recommendations for percentage of calories consumed from carbohydrates, protein, and fat for active adults? 45-65% carbohydrates, 10-35% protein, and 20-35% fat You are conducting a hurdle step screen with a new client. As she lifts her left foot over the hurdle, you observe that her right hip adducts more than 2 inches. Which of the following would be the MOST likely cause of this movement? Weak right gluteus medius and maximus Individuals in the precontemplation stage are not even considering an activity program and do not see it as relevant in their lives A new client has come to work with you because her doctor recommended she begin an exercise regimen due to her hypertension and being 20 lb (9 kg) overweight. She believes that exercise will not improve her health and has only come to see you based on the physician's recommendation. What stage of change is this client currently in with regards to adopting physical activity as a regular behavior? Precontemplation Which exercise would be the MOST appropriate progression for a client who can perform two sets of 12 repetitions of the seated bilateral cable press exercise with good form? Standing bilateral cable press You have been asked to design an exercise program for a group of eight 12-year-old boys. As you design the exercise program, which of the following would be CONTRAINDICATED? Scheduling maximal strength assessments every eight weeks to monitor progress -Maximal strength assessments are generally one-repetition maximal lifts, which are not recommended for children. Which of the following is the BEST example of an undulating periodization program? Full-body resistance-training program consisting of 3 sets of 4-8 repetitions at 80-90% 1 RM on Monday, 3 sets of 12-16 repetitions at 60-70% 1 RM on Wednesday, and 3 sets of 8-12 repetitions at 70-80% 1 RM on Friday -This program changes focus each workout, with the primary focus on muscular strength on Monday, muscular endurance on Wednesday, and muscular hypertrophy on Friday. Undulating periodization models provide different training protocols during each 2-4 week microcycle. A personal trainer appropriately progresses a client's workout to include barbell squats to increase the intensity of her leg workouts. The trainer spots her correctly as she completes the first two sets with ease. During the third set, the trainer is distracted by a fellow trainer who enters the weight room. During this distraction, the client loses balance momentarily, and has to drop the weight behind her. She immediately complains of back spasms. In this situation, for which act is the trainer MOST liable? Negligence resulting from an act of omission What type of insurance would protect a facility in the event it was sued by a member who tripped over an elliptical machine and strained his lower back? general liability