NR 228 Week 1 Class Notes/Study Guide (Chapters 1 and 2)

Nutrients - substances in foods required by the body for energy, growth, maintenance, and repair essential nutrients - NOT manufactured in the body therefore must be supplied through food nonessential nutrients - manufactured in the body nutrition - ...is the cornerstone of each health dimension -physical health -intellectual health -emotional health -social health -spiritual health -environmental health the study of essential nutrients and the processes by which nutrients are used by the body health - the merging and balancing of five physical and psychological dimensions of health: physical, intellectual, emotional, social, and spiritual health promotion - consists of strategies used to raise the level of the health of individuals, families, groups, and communities KNOWLEDGE TECHNIQUES COMMUNITY SUPPORTS physical health - efficient body functioning -to maintain disease -to meet daily energy requirements intellectual health - use of intellectual abilities -to adapt to changes in one's environment emotional health - ability to control emotions -hypoglycemia is an example social health - interactions and relationships with others spiritual health - cultural beliefs about the purpose of life environmental health - external factors that impact the living and the work settings Healthy People 2020 - vision: a society in which all people live long, healthy lives Goals: 1. attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death 2. achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups 3. create social and physical environments that promote good health for all 4. promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) - focuses on data from the dietary intake, medical history, biochemical evaluation, physical examinations, and measurements of American population groups who are carefully chosen to represent the total population disease prevention - is the recognition of a danger to health that could be reduced or alleviated through specific actions or changes in lifestyle behaviors - 3 levels of prevention primary prevention - health promotion and specific protection ex: -eating proper food and exercise to avoid heart attacks and diabetes -immunizations -reducing exposure to carcinogens -occupational hazards -wearing seat belts -helmets secondary prevention - 1. early diagnosis 2. prompt treatment 3. disability limitation ex: -screenings -diet and medications -trying to prevent complications tertiary prevention - restoration and rehabilitation objective: return to useful place in society and maximize remaining capacity ex: -dialysis from renal failure from DM -paralysis - speech/swallow issues due to stroke of uncontrolled HTN (uncontrolled dietary sodium) food deserts - areas where healthy food is not available or readily available without traveling distance