Nursing 233 exam questions and answers

What is the BCCNP definition of consent? The voluntary agreement to some act or purpose made by a capable individual What is an emancipated minor? An individual who is married or independently earning his or her own living and may sign his or her own consent form What are the 3 phases of the perioperative period? Preoperative phase, intraoperative phase, postoperative phase Preoperative phase Begins when the decision to proceed with surgical intervention is made and ends with the transfer of the patient onto the operating room table. Intraoperative phase Begins when the patient is transferred onto the OR table and ends with admission to the PACU (post-anesthesia care unit). Postoperative phase Begins with the admission of the patient to the PACU and ends with a follow-up evaluation in the clinical setting or home. What are the components of a preoperative assessment? Nutritional and fluid status, dentition, drug or alcohol use, respiratory status, cardiovascular status, endocrine function, immune function, previous medication use, psychosocial factors, spiritual and cultural beliefs What is the mechanism of action of local anesthetics? Stop axonal conduction by blocking sodium channels in the axonal membrane What are the 3 stages of the stress response? (Cousley article) Alarm stage, resistance stage, exhaustion stage What factors increase the risk of DVT as a post-op complication? History of thrombosis, malignancy, trauma, obesity, indwelling venous catheters, & hormone (e.g., estrogen) use. What are the 3 phases of surgical wound healing? First intention, second intention, third intention What are the 3 dimension of vulnerability? (Cousley article) Social, psychological, physical What is physical vulnerability? (Cousley article) Caused by the individual's inability to resist further harm as their existing condition has been compromised by disease or trauma