Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) and Cardiac Arrest 100% Correct

ACLS Chain of Survival - Answer - Interventions to prevent cardiac arrest - Treat cardiac arrest - Improve outcomes of patients who achieve return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after cardiac arrest Bradycardia with a Pulse - Answer - HR <50 bpm Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) - Answer - VT with a pulse - Pulseless VT: life-threatening - Torsades de Pointes (TdP) Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) - Answer - acute medical emergency - hymodynamic collapse and cardiac arrest Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA) - Answer - loss of mechanical contraction or ineffective mechanical contraction - *presence of electrical activity in myocardium* - no pulse generated Asystole - Answer - lack of electrical activity - end stage after prolonged VF or PEA Cardiac Arrest - Answer - Pulseless VT/VF - PEA/Asystole - loss of pulse and BP - leads to Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) Hemodynamic Collapse - Answer - SBP <90 mmHg and - change in mental status Shockable Rhythms - Answer - Pulseless VT - VF Rhythms NOT Shockable - Answer - PEA - Asystole Central IV Access - Answer - preferred route of admn. - must hold CPR for insertion Peripheral IV Access - Answer - *must flush with 10-20 mL NSS and elevate arm for 10-20 sec.* Intraosseous Administration (IO) - Answer - medications injected directly into bone marrow - rapid delivery into systemic circulation Endotracheal Tube Administration (ET) - Answer - if IV or IO not available - *inc. doses 2-2.5 times IV dose*, must be diluted in NSS *Medications for ET Administration* - Answer - Naloxone - Atropine - Vasopressin - Epinephrine - Lidocaine