Anatomy & Physiology Exam 1 Ch 1, 4, 5 Exam Questions With Correct Answers

T/F: positive feedback mechanisms tend to enhance the original stimulus so that the response is accelerated - Answer true T/F:imaging is useful in discovering obstructed blood supplies in organs and tissues - Answer true T/F: The anatomical position means the body is standing at attention with the palms facing forward and the thumbs pointing away from the body - Answer true T/F: The elbow is proximal to the shoulder - Answer false T/F: the part of the serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity wall is called visceral peritoneum - Answer false T/F: A major function of the serous membranes is to decrease friction - Answer true T/F: The right hypochondriac region contains the majority of the stomach - Answer false T/F: Lungs carry out an excretory function - Answer true T/F: Embryology concerns the structural changes that occur in an individual from conception through old age - Answer false T/F: A tissue consists of groups of similar cells that have a common function - Answer true T/F: It is important for any organism to maintain its boundaries, so that its internal environment remains distinct from the external environment surrounding it. - Answer true T/F: Without some sort of negative feedback mechanism, it would be impossible to keep our body chemistry in balance. - Answer true T/F: Responsiveness or irritability is the ability to sense changes in the environment and then respond to them. - Answer true T/F: The epigastric region is superior to the umbilical region. - Answer true Histology would be best defined as a study of ________. A) cells B) tissues C) cell chemistry D) the gross structures of the body - Answer B The study of large body structures, visible to the naked eye, such as the heart is called ________ anatomy. A) microscopic B) gross C) developmental D) systemic - Answer B An increased rate of breathing as a result of an increased buildup of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream would be best described as an example of ________. A) maintaining boundaries B) excretion of metabolic waste C) responsiveness D) metabolism - Answer B Average body temperature is ________ degrees centigrade. A) 98 B) 68 C) 47 D) 37 - Answer D If you consider your home air conditioner in terms of homeostasis, then the wall thermostat would be the ________. A) control center B) receptor C) effector D) variable - Answer A What is the main, general purpose of negative feedback? A) to control body movement B) to maintain homeostasis C) to keep the body's blood sugar level high D) to regulate excretion via the kidneys - Answer B What is the regional term for the hip region? A) manus B) inguinal C) pedal D) coxal - Answer D An oblique cut is one that is cut ________. A) horizontally superior and inferior B) diagonally between vertical and horizontal planes C) vertically right and left D) perpendicular to vertical and horizontal planes - Answer B The heart lies in the ________ cavity. A) superior mediastinal B) pleural C) dorsal D) pericardial - Answer D The cavities housing the eyes are called ________ cavities. A) frontal B) cranial C) nasal D) orbital - Answer D A structure that is composed of two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific functions for the body is a(n) ________. A) complex tissue B) organ system C) organ D) complex cell - Answer C ________ cavities are spaces within joints. A) Nasal B) Synovial C) Orbital D) Oral - Answer B Which of the following would not be a functional characteristic of life? A) movement B) responsiveness to external stimuli C) maintenance of boundaries D) decay - Answer D 14) Which term means toward or at the back of the body, behind? A) anterior B) lateral C) distal D) dorsal - Answer D The single most abundant chemical substance of the body, accounting for 60% to 80% of body weight, is ________. A) oxygen B) protein C) water D) hydrogen - Answer C The posterior knee area is called ________. A) sural B) crural C) antecubital D) popliteal - Answer D Which of the following statements is true concerning feedback mechanisms? A) Positive feedback mechanisms always result in excessive damage to the host. B) Negative feedback mechanisms tend to increase the original stimulus. C) Negative feedback mechanisms work to prevent sudden severe changes within the body. D) Blood glucose levels are regulated by positive feedback mechanisms. - Answer C The anatomical position is characterized by all of the following except ________. A) body erect B) arms at sides C) palms turned posteriorly D) thumbs pointed laterally - Answer C A good example of a positive feedback mechanism would be ________. A) body temperature regulation B) regulating glucose levels in the blood C) enhancement of labor contractions D) blood calcium level regulation - Answer C Which of the following describes a parasagittal plane? A) a transverse cut just above the knees B) two cuts dividing the body into left and right halves C) any sagittal plane except in the midline D) any cut dividing the body into anterior and posterior portions - Answer C Which of the following organs or structures would be found in the left iliac region? A) appendix B) stomach C) liver D) intestines - Answer D The parietal pleura would represent a serous membrane ________. A) covering individual lungs B) lining the thoracic cavity C) covering the heart D) lining the abdominal cavity - Answer B Which one of the following systems responds fastest to environmental stimuli? A) muscular B) lymphatic C) immune D) nervous - Answer D Choose the anatomical topic and definition that is not correctly matched. A) Gross anatomy: study of structures visible to the eye. B) Microscopic anatomy: study of structures too small to be seen by the naked eye. C) Cytology: study of the structures in a particular region. D) Embryology: study of the changes in an individual from conception to birth. - Answer C Homeostasis is the condition in which the body maintains ________. A) the lowest possible energy usage B) a relatively stable internal environment, within limits C) a static state with no deviation from preset points D) a dynamic state within an unlimited range, depending on circumstances - Answer B In which body cavities are the lungs located? A) pleural, ventral, and thoracic B) mediastinal, thoracic, and ventral C) pleural, dorsal, and abdominal D) pericardial, ventral, and thoracic - Answer A Choose the following statement that is not completely correct regarding serous membranes. A) Serosa are very thin, double-layered structures. B) Serous membranes are divided into parietal and visceral membranes with a virtual space between the two. C) Visceral pericardium covers the outer surface of the heart, and parietal pericardium lines the internal walls of the heart. D) Serous membranes secrete a watery lubricating fluid. - Answer C Place the following in correct sequence from simplest to most complex: 1. molecules 2. atoms 3. tissues 4. cells 5. organs A) 1-2-3-4-5 B) 2-1-4-3-5 C) 2-1-3-4-5 D) 1-2-4-3-5 - Answer B Which of the following imaging devices would best localize a tumor in a person's brain? A) X ray B) DSA C) PET D) MRI - Answer D Which of these is not part of the dorsal cavity? A) cranial cavity B) thoracic cavity C) spinal cord D) vertebral cavity - Answer B In which quadrant of the abdominopelvic cavity is the stomach located? A) right upper quadrant B) right lower quadrant C) left upper quadrant D) left lower quadrant - Answer C Which of the following statements is the most correct regarding homeostatic imbalance? A) It is considered the cause of most diseases. B) The internal environment is becoming more stable. C) Positive feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed. D) Negative feedback mechanisms are functioning normally. - Answer A Which of the following are subdivisions of anatomy? A) gross, macroscopic, visual, and microscopic B) gross, regional, dissection, and surface C) regional, surface, visual, and microscopic D) regional, systemic, and surface - Answer D The term pollex refers to the ________. A) great toe B) calf C) fingers D) thumb - Answer D The dorsal body cavity is the site of which of the following? A) intestines B) brain C) lungs D) liver - Answer B Select the most correct statement. A) The immune system is closely associated with the lymphatic system. B) Organ systems operate independently of each other to maintain life. C) The endocrine system is not a true structural organ system. D) Organ systems can be composed of cells or tissues, but not both. - Answer A One of the functional characteristics of life is excitability or responsiveness. This refers to ________. A) indigestible food residues stimulating the excretory system B) sensing changes in the environment and then reacting or responding to them C) the nervous system causing all living things to sometimes experience anger D) the necessity for all organisms to reproduce - Answer B