RBC Test 1 Questions & Answers Latest Updated

What is a constitution? - Answer - a written document that embodies the basic laws of a nation or state - Identifies the powers and duties of the government - Identifies the rights afforded to ALL individuals in our country or state 3 branches of government - Answer Executive, Legislative, Judicial Freedoms under the US Constitution - Answer -HIGHEST law of the land -Basic rights and freedoms stated in the U.S. Constitution apply to ALL individuals in the United States regardless of citizenship What is the Bill of Rights? - Answer The first 10 amendments of the Constitution -place limits on those powers, thus guaranteeing individual rights What powers does the criminal justice system give to L.E.? - Answer - The power to arrest - The power to use deadly force 1st Amendment - Answer Freedom of Religion, Speech, Press, Assembly, and Petition 4th Amendment - Answer Freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures. 5th Amendment - Answer -Freedom from being tried for the same crime twice - "double jeopardy" -Freedom from self-incrimination 6th Amendment - Answer -Right to be told of charges when arrested Right to speedy trial Right to a public trial by an impartial jury Right to confront witnesses Right to counsel 8th Amendment - Answer - Freedom from excessive bail - Freedom from cruel and unusual punishments 14th Amendment - Answer - Basic right of a defendant in a judicial proceeding - Right to equal protection of the laws - The requisites for trial (due process) Components of the Criminal Justice System - Answer law enforcement, judicial, corrections Primary goals of criminal justice system - Answer -guarantee due process of the law -prevent crime -protect life and property -uphold and enforce the law -dispense equal justice -apprehend offenders -assure victims' rights primary federal agencies - Answer US Dept of Homeland Security, FBI, DEA, U.S. Marshals, ICE, ATF, Secret Service, US Postal Inspectors (USPS), Armed Forces Police primary state agencies - Answer o Youth and Adult Correctional Agency o CHP o Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control (ABC) o Department of Fish and Game (F&G) o Department of Forestry and Protection (DOF) o Department of Justice (DOJ) o Department of Insurance (DOI) primary local agencies - Answer o Airport Police o County Marshals o Housing Police o Municipal Police o School District Police o Sherriff's Department o Transportation Police o Port Authority Police objectives of the Judicial component of the criminal justice system - Answer - Providing due process of the law - Rendering fair judgement - Dispensing just punishment - Assuring victim's rights Organization of the california court system - Answer -Lower (trial courts) -Higher (appellate courts) positions in the judicial system - Answer -judges -prosecuting attorneys -defense attorneys judicial process in criminal cases - Answer - The process begins once an offender has been arrested or indicted for a crime - Function of the judicial system is to determine a defendant's guilt or innocence - Before a criminal case reaches trial, several preliminary proceedings MUST occur Steps in a felony prosecution - Answer - Arrest - Arraignment - Right to Bail - Bail - Preliminary Hearing - Indictment - Trial - Sentencing - Grand Jury Parole - Answer a conditional release from confinement which allows an individual to serve the remainder of a sentence outside of prison Probation - Answer a sentencing option for an individual convicted of a criminal offense Community Policing - Answer Both an organizational and a personal philosophy that promotes police/community partnerships and proactive problem solving Essential components of community policing - Answer -Problem solving -Addressing quality of life issues -Partnerships with the community -Partnerships with other agencies -Internal and external resources Community policing goals - Answer 1. Reducing/preventing crime. 2. Reducing the fear of crime. 3. Improving the quality of life. 4. Increasing community: a. Awareness b. Involvement c. Ownership 5. Increasing local government involvement in problem solving Community policing philosophy - Answer Community Policing is: o An organizational philosophy that permeates all of an agency's operations o Everyone in the agency embracing the philosophy o A working partnership with the community o The community participates in defining priorities for the law enforcement agencies o Focusing directly on the substance of policing o The attitude of "US vs. Them" is inappropriate and counter productive o All aspects of the community benefit traditional policing - Answer o Policing is incident driven o Reaction based o Law enforcement focused with limited community interaction o Efforts directed toward maintaining order and apprehension of offenders professional policing - Answer o Incorporated traditional policing model o Emphasized officer education and training o Policies and procedures o Development of professional standards o "command and control" Community policing - Answer o Combines elements of traditional and professional policing o Emphasis on community partnerships o Prevention and collaborative problem solving to reduce crime o Reduce the fear of crime o Improve the quality of life peace officer responsibility in the community - Answer Maintain order Enforce the law Prevent crime Deliver service Educate and learn from the community Work with the community to solve problems proactive policing - Answer o Means anticipating problems and acting in advance to address local concerns Prevent problems from becoming worse Eliminate or minimize crime related problems Reduce criminal opportunity Deter potential offenders Develop crime prevention strategies Reactive policing - Answer o Means responding to criminal activity and problems after they have taken place o Typically involves handling each call or incident as a separate, unique occurrence Community Expectations of Peace Officers - Answer - ethical behavior - patrol the community and be visible - maintain public peace - manage civil distrubances critical sites - Answer -Schools -hospitals -airports -bridges -power plants -chemical or industrial plants -chemical storage facilities hot spots - Answer -High crime areas -Isolated or low traffic areas - Traffic "choke points" (congested roadways) potentially dangerous areas - Answer o Local hazards (potholes, road freeze) o Low lying areas that can easily flood o Earthquake-prone zones o Hillsides with potential for mud slides o Dry areas with a higher than average potential for fire o Railroad crossings TRUST - Answer Truth Respect Understanding Support Teamwork Communication techniques for voluntary compliance - Answer Ask (ethical appeal) -Give them a chance to voluntarily comply Set context (reasonable appeal) -Explain the law, policy, or rationale that applies to the situation -Answer subject's "Why?" Present options (personal appeal) -Explain possible courses of action and their consequences Act (take appropriate action)