Air Methods Critical Care Exam
2023/2024 Questions &Answers 100%
Correct
What is the most reliable method of confirming and montioring correct placement of an
ET tube? - ANSWER-Continuous waveform capnography
The upper airway consists of... - ANSWER-Nose, Mouth, Jaw, Oral Cavity, Pharynx,
and Larynx
No gas exchange occurs here __________, it's called ____________. - ANSWER-Nose
to terminal bronchioles, anatomical dead space. (2ml/kg of inspired tidal volume) They
conduct airflow towards gas exchange units.
Crycothyroid membrane - ANSWER-between thyroid and cricoid, avascular structure
that connects the thyroid and cricoid cartilage. Site of CRiCOTHYROTOMY- an
emergency opening of the airway.
A PaCO2 greater than 45 mmHg indicates:
A. Metabolic acidosis.
B. Metabolic alkalosis.
C. Respiratory acidosis.
D. Respiratory alkalosis. - ANSWER-C. Respiratory acidosis
PaCO2 normal range - ANSWER-35-45 mm Hg Less than 35 likely means
hyperventilation
Tracheal deviation AWAY from the affected side, decreased breath sounds, and
hyperresonance... What's happening? - ANSWER-Tension pneumothorax
In a tension pneumothorax tracheal deviation goes in what direction? - ANSWER-
AWAY from affected side.
Normal mean pulmonary artery pressure - ANSWER-10-20 mmHg
Pulmonary hypertension is a mean PA pressure greater than... - ANSWER-(PAm)
greater than 20
Primary pulmonary hypertension - ANSWER-Idiopathic genetic disorder caused by
abnormal structure of the pulmonary blood vessels
,Name three causes of secondary pulmonary hypertension.. - ANSWER-1. Passive PH-
the result of back pressure. Mitral Stenosis, LV systolic failure.
2. Active PH- Constriction of the pulmonary circuit Increased volume in pulmonary
circuit (i.e. congenital heart disease)
3. Obstruction as in Chronic recurrent PE
TNP of the Pregnant patient - ANSWER-Resuscitation priorities are the same. The best
way to take care of the baby is to take care of mama
Mechanisms of injury and biomechanics the most common cause of maternal injury is...
- ANSWER-Blunt trauma caused by MVC. Second is BT caused by falls, 3rd is violence
fetal distress is an early sign of maternal distress... Why? - ANSWER-Catecholamine
mediated vasoconstriction resulting from blood loss shunts blood away from the fetus to
the mom.
Fetal hypo perfusion is evidenced by.... - ANSWER-Fetal tachycardia (140 to 160+) and
fetal bradycardia
The FRC in a pregnant patient is.... - ANSWER-Reduced by the gravid uterus lifting the
diaphragm.
chest tube placement in a pregnant patient is 1-2 spaces higher - ANSWER-Because of
the lifted diaphragm
What is the cause of physiological anemia in pregnant patients? - ANSWER-
Hemodilitional anemia occurs. Plasma volume increases 30-50%.
Preterm Labor (PTL) - ANSWER-
abruptio placentae - ANSWER-premature separation of the placenta from the uterine
wall
On a pregnant patient... - ANSWER-Chest compressions must be higher on the
sternum.
Any preg patient 20 weeks pregnant or more with a uterus above the umbilicus should
have the uterus left laterally displaced during compressions to avoid aortocaval
compression. A 15 degree tilt of the long board or lateral displacement.
What is the Maternal Fetal Triage Index? - ANSWER-A valid reliable 5 level triage tool
that may assist in the triage of obstetric trauma patients.
Displacing the uterus off the vena cava can improve CO by - ANSWER-approximately
30%!
, Continuous fetal monitoring is recommended... - ANSWER-for all pregnant patients 20
or more weeks gestation... or (uterus above belly button).
Fundal height measurement - ANSWER-equals the approximate gestational age in
weeks, until week 32.
Belly button is 20 weeks
Height of last rib is 26 weeks
costal margin is 36 weeks
Any fundal height indicating 23 or more weeks... - ANSWER-at the last rib and above is
consistent with a viable fetus.
What type of blood should a pregnant trauma patient receive? - ANSWER-O-NEG
baybay.
Initiate cardiotocography in any mother - ANSWER-20 or more weeks gestation, must
be monitored for at least 6 hours.
What is the serum lab test that detects fetal red cells in the maternal circulation? -
ANSWER-Kleinhauer Bette KB serum test. This lab is used to determine if hemorrhage
of fetal blood through the placenta and into maternal circulation. KB test is an important
detector of abruptio placentae, preterm labor and need to administer Rh negative
globulin when mom is Rh negative and fetus is Rh positive.
Continue fetal monitoring for a minimum of ---- hours for any viable pregnancy and up to
_____ hours if there is abdominal trauma - ANSWER-6..... 24
Sonography has __________ for diagnosis placental abruption, - ANSWER-POOR....
they miss 50-80% of abruptions.
In addition to routine labs a - ANSWER-Prothrombin (PT ) and PTT and serial coags
should be drawn. Beta Human Chorionic gonadotropin (BHCG)
Measure and record fundal height every - ANSWER-30 minutes.
Pediatric Mechanisms of injury and biomechanics - ANSWER-Blunt trauma MVC >
suffocations > drownings > fires/burns. No. 1 cause of fatalities is TBI.
Primary Survey/ Resuscitation - ANSWER-Survival rates in pediatric emergency can be
directly correlated with
1.RAPID AIRWAY MANAGEMENT,
2.INITIATION OF VENTILATORY SUPPORT, AND
3.EARLY RECOGNITION OF AND EARLY RESPONSE TO INTRA abdominal AND
intracranial hemorrhages
2023/2024 Questions &Answers 100%
Correct
What is the most reliable method of confirming and montioring correct placement of an
ET tube? - ANSWER-Continuous waveform capnography
The upper airway consists of... - ANSWER-Nose, Mouth, Jaw, Oral Cavity, Pharynx,
and Larynx
No gas exchange occurs here __________, it's called ____________. - ANSWER-Nose
to terminal bronchioles, anatomical dead space. (2ml/kg of inspired tidal volume) They
conduct airflow towards gas exchange units.
Crycothyroid membrane - ANSWER-between thyroid and cricoid, avascular structure
that connects the thyroid and cricoid cartilage. Site of CRiCOTHYROTOMY- an
emergency opening of the airway.
A PaCO2 greater than 45 mmHg indicates:
A. Metabolic acidosis.
B. Metabolic alkalosis.
C. Respiratory acidosis.
D. Respiratory alkalosis. - ANSWER-C. Respiratory acidosis
PaCO2 normal range - ANSWER-35-45 mm Hg Less than 35 likely means
hyperventilation
Tracheal deviation AWAY from the affected side, decreased breath sounds, and
hyperresonance... What's happening? - ANSWER-Tension pneumothorax
In a tension pneumothorax tracheal deviation goes in what direction? - ANSWER-
AWAY from affected side.
Normal mean pulmonary artery pressure - ANSWER-10-20 mmHg
Pulmonary hypertension is a mean PA pressure greater than... - ANSWER-(PAm)
greater than 20
Primary pulmonary hypertension - ANSWER-Idiopathic genetic disorder caused by
abnormal structure of the pulmonary blood vessels
,Name three causes of secondary pulmonary hypertension.. - ANSWER-1. Passive PH-
the result of back pressure. Mitral Stenosis, LV systolic failure.
2. Active PH- Constriction of the pulmonary circuit Increased volume in pulmonary
circuit (i.e. congenital heart disease)
3. Obstruction as in Chronic recurrent PE
TNP of the Pregnant patient - ANSWER-Resuscitation priorities are the same. The best
way to take care of the baby is to take care of mama
Mechanisms of injury and biomechanics the most common cause of maternal injury is...
- ANSWER-Blunt trauma caused by MVC. Second is BT caused by falls, 3rd is violence
fetal distress is an early sign of maternal distress... Why? - ANSWER-Catecholamine
mediated vasoconstriction resulting from blood loss shunts blood away from the fetus to
the mom.
Fetal hypo perfusion is evidenced by.... - ANSWER-Fetal tachycardia (140 to 160+) and
fetal bradycardia
The FRC in a pregnant patient is.... - ANSWER-Reduced by the gravid uterus lifting the
diaphragm.
chest tube placement in a pregnant patient is 1-2 spaces higher - ANSWER-Because of
the lifted diaphragm
What is the cause of physiological anemia in pregnant patients? - ANSWER-
Hemodilitional anemia occurs. Plasma volume increases 30-50%.
Preterm Labor (PTL) - ANSWER-
abruptio placentae - ANSWER-premature separation of the placenta from the uterine
wall
On a pregnant patient... - ANSWER-Chest compressions must be higher on the
sternum.
Any preg patient 20 weeks pregnant or more with a uterus above the umbilicus should
have the uterus left laterally displaced during compressions to avoid aortocaval
compression. A 15 degree tilt of the long board or lateral displacement.
What is the Maternal Fetal Triage Index? - ANSWER-A valid reliable 5 level triage tool
that may assist in the triage of obstetric trauma patients.
Displacing the uterus off the vena cava can improve CO by - ANSWER-approximately
30%!
, Continuous fetal monitoring is recommended... - ANSWER-for all pregnant patients 20
or more weeks gestation... or (uterus above belly button).
Fundal height measurement - ANSWER-equals the approximate gestational age in
weeks, until week 32.
Belly button is 20 weeks
Height of last rib is 26 weeks
costal margin is 36 weeks
Any fundal height indicating 23 or more weeks... - ANSWER-at the last rib and above is
consistent with a viable fetus.
What type of blood should a pregnant trauma patient receive? - ANSWER-O-NEG
baybay.
Initiate cardiotocography in any mother - ANSWER-20 or more weeks gestation, must
be monitored for at least 6 hours.
What is the serum lab test that detects fetal red cells in the maternal circulation? -
ANSWER-Kleinhauer Bette KB serum test. This lab is used to determine if hemorrhage
of fetal blood through the placenta and into maternal circulation. KB test is an important
detector of abruptio placentae, preterm labor and need to administer Rh negative
globulin when mom is Rh negative and fetus is Rh positive.
Continue fetal monitoring for a minimum of ---- hours for any viable pregnancy and up to
_____ hours if there is abdominal trauma - ANSWER-6..... 24
Sonography has __________ for diagnosis placental abruption, - ANSWER-POOR....
they miss 50-80% of abruptions.
In addition to routine labs a - ANSWER-Prothrombin (PT ) and PTT and serial coags
should be drawn. Beta Human Chorionic gonadotropin (BHCG)
Measure and record fundal height every - ANSWER-30 minutes.
Pediatric Mechanisms of injury and biomechanics - ANSWER-Blunt trauma MVC >
suffocations > drownings > fires/burns. No. 1 cause of fatalities is TBI.
Primary Survey/ Resuscitation - ANSWER-Survival rates in pediatric emergency can be
directly correlated with
1.RAPID AIRWAY MANAGEMENT,
2.INITIATION OF VENTILATORY SUPPORT, AND
3.EARLY RECOGNITION OF AND EARLY RESPONSE TO INTRA abdominal AND
intracranial hemorrhages
