Bio 121 Miami University Complete Exam Questions with 100% Correct Answers

What is the 'environment'? Correct Answer The sum total of our surroundings, including all of the living things and nonliving things with which we interact. What is 'science'? Correct Answer (1) A systematic process for learning about the world and testing our understanding of it. (2) The accumulated body of knowledge that arises from this dynamic process observational science Correct Answer is a field of science where controlled observations cannot be done in order to study causes and effects. Scientific studies are simply done through the observation of nature taking its course and recording the findings over time. descriptive science Correct Answer Research in which scientists gather basic information about organisms, materials, systems, or processes that are not yet well known. hypothesis-driven science Correct Answer Research in which scientists pose questions that seek to explain how and why things are the way they are. Generally proceeds in a somewhat structured manner, using experiments to test hypotheses. Compare descriptive science. Scientific method Correct Answer A formalized method for testing ideas with observations that involves a more-or-less consistent series of interrelated steps. relativist Correct Answer An ethicist who maintains that ethics do and should vary with social context. Compare universalist. Universalist Correct Answer An ethicist who maintains that there exist objective notions of right and wrong that hold across cultures and situations. Compare relativist. Anthropocentrism Correct Answer A human-centered view of our relationship with the environment. Biocentrism Correct Answer A philosophy that ascribes relative values to actions, entities, or properties on the basis of their effects on all living things or on the integrity of the biotic realm in general. The biocentrist evaluates an action in terms of its overall impact on living things, including—but not exclusively focusing on—human beings. Ecocentrism Correct Answer A philosophy that considers actions in terms of their damage or benefit to the integrity of whole ecological systems, including both living and