Child Development Exam
Developmental psychology - answer branch of psychology that explores physical, emotional, cognitive, and social aspects of development
Nature-nurture debate - answer debate in psychology over the relative influences of genetics and environment in determining behavior
Continuity model - answer model proposing that development involves quantitative changes that occur in small steps over time
Discontinuity model - answer model proposing that development progresses in discrete stages that involve abrupt, qualitative changes in cognitive ability and ways of interacting with the world
Longitudinal study - answer study that compares the same indviduals at periodic intervals over an extended period of time
Cross-sectional study - answer study that compares individuals of different ages or developmental levels at the same point in time
Cohort effect - answer differences between age groups as a function of historical or social influences affecting those groups rather than age per se
Sperm - answer male reproductive cell
Ovum - answer egg cell
Ovulation - answer release of an ovum from an ovary
Fallopian tube - answer strawlike tube between an ovary and the uterus through which an ovum passes after ovulation
Fertilization - answer union of a sperm with an ovum during sexual reproduction
Zygote - answer fertilized egg cell
Germinal stage - answer stage of prenatal development that spans the period from fertilization through implantation
Uterus - answer female reproductiveorgan in which the fertilized ovum becomes implanted and develops to term Embryonic stage - answer stage of prenatal development from implantation through about the eighth week of pregnancy during which the major organ systems begin to form
Embryo - answer developing organism at an early stage of prenatal development
Neural tube - answer area in the embryo from which the nervous system develops
Amniotic sac - answer uterine sac that contains the fetus
Placenta - answer organ that provides for the exchange of nutrients and waste materials between mother and fetus
Fetal stage - answer stage of prenatal development in which the fetus develops, beginning around the ninth week of pregnancy and lasting until the birth of the child
Fetus - answer developing organism in the later stages of prenatal development
Spina bifida - answer neural tube defect in which the child is born with a hole in the tube surrounding the spinal cord
Teratogen - answer environmental influence or agent that may harm the developing embryo or fetus
Rubella - answer common childhood disease that can lead to serious birth defects if contracted by the mother during pregnancy
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) - answer sudden and unexplained death of infants that usually occurs when they are asleep in their cribs
Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) - answer syndrome caused by maternal use of alcohol
during pregnancy in which the child shows developmental delays and facial deformities
Amniocentesis - answer technique for diagnosing fetal abnormalities involving examination of extracted fetal cells
Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) - answer technique of detecting fetal abnormalities that involves examination of fetal material extracted from the chorion
Chorion - answer membrane that contains the amniotic sac and fetus
Down syndrome - answer chromosomal disorder characterized by mental retardation
and certain facial abnormalities
Developmental psychology - answer branch of psychology that explores physical, emotional, cognitive, and social aspects of development
Nature-nurture debate - answer debate in psychology over the relative influences of genetics and environment in determining behavior
Continuity model - answer model proposing that development involves quantitative changes that occur in small steps over time
Discontinuity model - answer model proposing that development progresses in discrete stages that involve abrupt, qualitative changes in cognitive ability and ways of interacting with the world
Longitudinal study - answer study that compares the same indviduals at periodic intervals over an extended period of time
Cross-sectional study - answer study that compares individuals of different ages or developmental levels at the same point in time
Cohort effect - answer differences between age groups as a function of historical or social influences affecting those groups rather than age per se
Sperm - answer male reproductive cell
Ovum - answer egg cell
Ovulation - answer release of an ovum from an ovary
Fallopian tube - answer strawlike tube between an ovary and the uterus through which an ovum passes after ovulation
Fertilization - answer union of a sperm with an ovum during sexual reproduction
Zygote - answer fertilized egg cell
Germinal stage - answer stage of prenatal development that spans the period from fertilization through implantation
Uterus - answer female reproductiveorgan in which the fertilized ovum becomes implanted and develops to term Embryonic stage - answer stage of prenatal development from implantation through about the eighth week of pregnancy during which the major organ systems begin to form
Embryo - answer developing organism at an early stage of prenatal development
Neural tube - answer area in the embryo from which the nervous system develops
Amniotic sac - answer uterine sac that contains the fetus
Placenta - answer organ that provides for the exchange of nutrients and waste materials between mother and fetus
Fetal stage - answer stage of prenatal development in which the fetus develops, beginning around the ninth week of pregnancy and lasting until the birth of the child
Fetus - answer developing organism in the later stages of prenatal development
Spina bifida - answer neural tube defect in which the child is born with a hole in the tube surrounding the spinal cord
Teratogen - answer environmental influence or agent that may harm the developing embryo or fetus
Rubella - answer common childhood disease that can lead to serious birth defects if contracted by the mother during pregnancy
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) - answer sudden and unexplained death of infants that usually occurs when they are asleep in their cribs
Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) - answer syndrome caused by maternal use of alcohol
during pregnancy in which the child shows developmental delays and facial deformities
Amniocentesis - answer technique for diagnosing fetal abnormalities involving examination of extracted fetal cells
Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) - answer technique of detecting fetal abnormalities that involves examination of fetal material extracted from the chorion
Chorion - answer membrane that contains the amniotic sac and fetus
Down syndrome - answer chromosomal disorder characterized by mental retardation
and certain facial abnormalities
