CCI RCS Registry Final Exam Prep |
Complete Questions & Answers (100% Verified)
What valve separates the areas of greatest pressure differences? - ANSWER - Mitral valve
What valve separates the areas of the lowest pressure differences? - ANSWER - Tricuspid valve
Where does the LAD lie on the heart? - ANSWER - Anterior interventricular groove (sulcus)
What aortic cusp is superior in PLAX view? - ANSWER - RCC
What aortic cusp is posterior in PLAX view? - ANSWER - NCC
From the left parasternal window which of the following are you most likely to get accurate velocity measurments? - ANSWER - Pulmonary artery
What view gives the most accurate velocities of the PV/pulmonary artery? - ANSWER - PSAX; short axis
What is the red flow traveling to the RA that you can sometimes see from the inflow view? - ANSWER - IVC
What are the tricuspid leaflets seen in the inflow view? - ANSWER - anterior and posterior
Where is the LAA located on TTE? - ANSWER - Sometimes can be seen in AV level short axis, but is better visualized in an apical 2 chamber view
The coronary arteries come off the: - ANSWER - Sinuses of Valsalva
What is the most anomalous artery? - ANSWER - Right coronary
During which phase do the coronaries fill? - ANSWER - early diastole
True/False --- The coronary arteries can fill during systole - ANSWER - False
When is TAPSE measured? - ANSWER - Between end diastole and peak systole This is the transition between the sinuses of Valsalva and the tubular portion of the ascending aorta - ANSWER - STJ (sinotubular junction)
What can sometimes be seen below the RPA in a SSN view? - ANSWER - Left atrium
The best images of the ascending aorta are often obtained from which transducer window? - ANSWER - suprasternal
Name the vessels coming off the arch and most proximal or distal. - ANSWER - Innominate (proximal), left carotid and left subclavian (distal)
What cardiac pathology is associated with bicuspid aortic valves? - ANSWER - Coarctation of the aorta
Which window do you use to look for the secondary finding in bicuspid valves? - ANSWER - Suprasternal arch; suprasternal notch
Where do most aortic coarctations occur? - ANSWER - aortic isthmus
How can we specifically identify the location of an aortic isthmus? - ANSWER - After the
take-off of the left subclavian artery
Where are the pulmonary veins located? Where are they best visualized? - ANSWER - Feed into the LA and are best visualized in 4 chamber
What pulmonary veins are viewed in apical 4 chamber? - ANSWER - Lower pulmonary veins
What pulmonary veins are viewed in apical 5 chamber? - ANSWER - Upper pulmonary veins
From the apical 4 chamber view how do you rotate the transducer to obtain the apical LAX? - ANSWER - clockwise 120 degrees
Where is the coronary sinus located? - ANSWER - posterior AV groove
Which view do you use to evaluate the coronary sinus? - ANSWER - PLAX
To visualize the coronary sinus in the apical 4 chamber view you should tilt the transducer: - ANSWER - posterior
Which valve sits at the opening of the coronary sinus? - ANSWER - Thebesian
What valve sits at the opening of the IVC? - ANSWER - Eustachian
Where is the Chiari network located? - ANSWER - Right atrium What portion of the pulmonary venous PW Doppler represents atrial systole? - ANSWER - A wave
At what temperature is it unsafe to use a TEE probe? - ANSWER - 40-45 degrees celcius (Above 41 degrees celcius)
Which electrical pathway has the fastest intrinsic rate? - ANSWER - SA node
What is the absolute refractory state? - ANSWER - period when a muscle cell is not excitable; occurs from phase 1 into phase 3
What is a normal duration for the QRS complex? - ANSWER - 0.10 sec or 100 msec
This is known as the rubber band theory - ANSWER - Frank Starling Law
What occurs during preload? - ANSWER - Filling
What is occuring during afterload? - ANSWER - Resistance to eject blood out
Echo findings for preload: - ANSWER - dilatation
Echo findings for afterload: - ANSWER - hypertrophy
Which study does not allow for the calculation of ejection fraction? - ANSWER - Chest x-ray
How do you eliminate aliasing on PW spectral doppler? - ANSWER - Switch to continuous wave doppler
NOTE: Increasing PRF will and switching to a lower frequency transducer will reduce, but not fully eliminate
What does VTI x CSA equal? - ANSWER - Doppler stroke volume
What are the phases of the valsalva maneuver? - ANSWER - Strain and release
What occurs during the strain phase of valsalva maneuver? - ANSWER - Decreases venous return, SV and CO
What occurs during the release phase of valsalva maneuver? - ANSWER - Increases venous return, CO and BP
Taking in a breath ___________________ thoracic pressure - ANSWER - decreases
Does venous return increase or decrease with inspiration? - ANSWER - decrease
Complete Questions & Answers (100% Verified)
What valve separates the areas of greatest pressure differences? - ANSWER - Mitral valve
What valve separates the areas of the lowest pressure differences? - ANSWER - Tricuspid valve
Where does the LAD lie on the heart? - ANSWER - Anterior interventricular groove (sulcus)
What aortic cusp is superior in PLAX view? - ANSWER - RCC
What aortic cusp is posterior in PLAX view? - ANSWER - NCC
From the left parasternal window which of the following are you most likely to get accurate velocity measurments? - ANSWER - Pulmonary artery
What view gives the most accurate velocities of the PV/pulmonary artery? - ANSWER - PSAX; short axis
What is the red flow traveling to the RA that you can sometimes see from the inflow view? - ANSWER - IVC
What are the tricuspid leaflets seen in the inflow view? - ANSWER - anterior and posterior
Where is the LAA located on TTE? - ANSWER - Sometimes can be seen in AV level short axis, but is better visualized in an apical 2 chamber view
The coronary arteries come off the: - ANSWER - Sinuses of Valsalva
What is the most anomalous artery? - ANSWER - Right coronary
During which phase do the coronaries fill? - ANSWER - early diastole
True/False --- The coronary arteries can fill during systole - ANSWER - False
When is TAPSE measured? - ANSWER - Between end diastole and peak systole This is the transition between the sinuses of Valsalva and the tubular portion of the ascending aorta - ANSWER - STJ (sinotubular junction)
What can sometimes be seen below the RPA in a SSN view? - ANSWER - Left atrium
The best images of the ascending aorta are often obtained from which transducer window? - ANSWER - suprasternal
Name the vessels coming off the arch and most proximal or distal. - ANSWER - Innominate (proximal), left carotid and left subclavian (distal)
What cardiac pathology is associated with bicuspid aortic valves? - ANSWER - Coarctation of the aorta
Which window do you use to look for the secondary finding in bicuspid valves? - ANSWER - Suprasternal arch; suprasternal notch
Where do most aortic coarctations occur? - ANSWER - aortic isthmus
How can we specifically identify the location of an aortic isthmus? - ANSWER - After the
take-off of the left subclavian artery
Where are the pulmonary veins located? Where are they best visualized? - ANSWER - Feed into the LA and are best visualized in 4 chamber
What pulmonary veins are viewed in apical 4 chamber? - ANSWER - Lower pulmonary veins
What pulmonary veins are viewed in apical 5 chamber? - ANSWER - Upper pulmonary veins
From the apical 4 chamber view how do you rotate the transducer to obtain the apical LAX? - ANSWER - clockwise 120 degrees
Where is the coronary sinus located? - ANSWER - posterior AV groove
Which view do you use to evaluate the coronary sinus? - ANSWER - PLAX
To visualize the coronary sinus in the apical 4 chamber view you should tilt the transducer: - ANSWER - posterior
Which valve sits at the opening of the coronary sinus? - ANSWER - Thebesian
What valve sits at the opening of the IVC? - ANSWER - Eustachian
Where is the Chiari network located? - ANSWER - Right atrium What portion of the pulmonary venous PW Doppler represents atrial systole? - ANSWER - A wave
At what temperature is it unsafe to use a TEE probe? - ANSWER - 40-45 degrees celcius (Above 41 degrees celcius)
Which electrical pathway has the fastest intrinsic rate? - ANSWER - SA node
What is the absolute refractory state? - ANSWER - period when a muscle cell is not excitable; occurs from phase 1 into phase 3
What is a normal duration for the QRS complex? - ANSWER - 0.10 sec or 100 msec
This is known as the rubber band theory - ANSWER - Frank Starling Law
What occurs during preload? - ANSWER - Filling
What is occuring during afterload? - ANSWER - Resistance to eject blood out
Echo findings for preload: - ANSWER - dilatation
Echo findings for afterload: - ANSWER - hypertrophy
Which study does not allow for the calculation of ejection fraction? - ANSWER - Chest x-ray
How do you eliminate aliasing on PW spectral doppler? - ANSWER - Switch to continuous wave doppler
NOTE: Increasing PRF will and switching to a lower frequency transducer will reduce, but not fully eliminate
What does VTI x CSA equal? - ANSWER - Doppler stroke volume
What are the phases of the valsalva maneuver? - ANSWER - Strain and release
What occurs during the strain phase of valsalva maneuver? - ANSWER - Decreases venous return, SV and CO
What occurs during the release phase of valsalva maneuver? - ANSWER - Increases venous return, CO and BP
Taking in a breath ___________________ thoracic pressure - ANSWER - decreases
Does venous return increase or decrease with inspiration? - ANSWER - decrease
