Michael Bishop Clinical Chemistry - Electrolytes Clinical Significance Questions With Complete Solutions

Increased sodium loss, increased water retention correct answer: Causes of hyponatremia Hypoaldosteronism, K deficiency, diuretic use, salt-losing nephropathy, severe burns correct answer: Causes of increased sodium loss Renal failure, SIADH, nephrotic syndrome, chronic heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis correct answer: Causes of increased water retention GI loss, cellular shift, renal loss, decreases intake correct answer: Causes of hypokalemia Vomiting,diarrhea, gastric suction, laxatives correct answer: Causes of hypokalemia due to GI loss Alkalosis, insluin overdose correct answer: Causes of hypokalemia due to cellular shift Diuretics, renal tubular acidosis, Cushing's syndrome, hyperaldosteronism correct answer: Causes of hypokalemia due to renal loss Decreased renal excretion, increased intake, cellular shift, artifactual correct answer: Causes of hyperkalemia 136-145 correct answer: Concentration of sodium extracellularly (mmol/L) 15 correct answer: Concentration of sodium intracellularly (mmol/L)