CLEP Educational Psychology Practice Test Q&A

Who would be less likely to explore gender-typed toys of the opposite gender? Boys- less likely to stray from toys directed to their gender Which of the following is true of the confluence model of development? Multiple family variables combine to produce important influences on a child's development Confluence model Suggests there is no isolated variable that produces the greatest effect on a childs development, according to the model multiple variables flow together to shape the development According to Freudian psychology, which aspect of our personality are developed over time? Ego and Superego- develop in response to the id, as a result of awareness and social conditioning The id Part of our personality that is present at birth and contains basic urges Which relationship exists between physical abuse and physcial neglect? Physical neglect causes more deaths than physical abuse because it could lead to starvation, failure to thrive, and other conditions that result in death What is not true about pretend play among children? That it is more common among groups of girls than boys. Pretend play involves much language and thought and serves an extremely useful function for cognitive development. Gender of the child doesn't seem to have an impact on the ability or desire to play pretend Albert Bandura suggests girls with high self efficiency are more likely to: Select non-traditional careers; because high self efficacy (the perceived ability to succeed at tasks) is linked to the selection of non traditional and challenging careers. High Self Efficacy the perceived ability to succeed at tasks Piaget found that a child begins to demonstrate autonomous morality at: 9 to 11 years; at this age the children are able to operate according to individually-governed moral standards Children will increasingly regulate their own behavior at which stage? 3-4 years old, at this stage of childhood there is less emphasis on parental control. So children are more capable of considering abstract ideas and displaying self regulated behavior Social smiling refers to when an infant: Smiles voluntarily; around 7 weeks of age, the baby is able to demonstrate a "true social smile" instead of the reflex demonstrated at an earlier age Which of the following is another term for modeling? Observational learning; according to Albert Bandura, modeling is also known as observational learning in which the viewing of particular action leads to learning What scenario would lead to a negative result for children? A stay at home mother and financial problems in the family because family stressors, like financial problems, can compound parents' career difficulties and will most likely affect children negatively What is not an example of a recall task? Taking a multiple choice test; taking a multiple choice test require synthesis of information, applying knowledge to specific situations, etc Recall tasks involve memory for specific, discrete information Which of the following is true of the habituation method? Infants show recognition by ignoring objects they have seen before; habituation method describes infants decreased interest in objects. This demonstrates a level of familiarity with an object that makes it no longer new or interesting to the infant Which of the following is not an example of a simple reflex? Reaching for an object; this is a voluntary response from the infant