VATI Fundamentals Exam Questions and Answers 2023

VATI Fundamentals Exam Questions and Answers 1. Levels of Health Care 1. Preventive 2. Primary 3. Secondary 4. Tertiary 5. Restorative 6. Continuing: 1. immunizations, stress management, seat belt use 2. office or clinic visits and scheduled school or work centered screening (vision, hearing, obesity) 3. inpatient and emergency departments, diagnostic centers, and emergent care centers. 4. intensive care, oncology centers, and burn centers 5. home health, rehabilitation centers, and skilled nursing facilities 6. end of life, palliative care, hospice, adult day care, respite care 2. Interprofessional Personnel: Refers 1. Spiritual 2. Dietitian 3. Laboratory Technician 4. Occupation Therapist 5.Pharmacist 6. Physical Therapist 7. Provider 8. Radiology Technologist 9. Respiratory Therapist 10. Social Worker 11. Speech Language: 1. priest, etc. 2. assess, plans for, and educates nutrition needs. 3. obtains specimens of body fluids 4. plans activities to regain ADL's and motor skills with UPPER EXTREMITIES! 5. Provides and monitors medication 6. asses and plans to increase muscoloskeletal function, especially of the LOWER EXTREMITIES!!! (ambulation post- surgery) 7. diagnosis, and treats disease or injury 8. X-rays 9. Respiratory treatment ex. oxygen therapy, chest physiotherapy, inhalation therapy and mechanical ventilation 10. works with client and family by coordinating inpatient and community resources to meet psychosocial and environmental needs that are necessary for recovery and discharge 11. evaluates speech, swallowing, and language 3. Ethical Principles 1. Autonomy 2. Beneficence 3. Fidelity 4. Justice 5. Nonmalefience: 1. make one's own personal decisions 2. positive actions to help others 3. not to lie and be loyal 4. fairness in care 5. cause no harm or injury 4. As a nurse you will always for your patient's: 1. Advocate 2. Responsibility 3. Accountability 4. Confidentiality 5. Federal Laws affecting nursing practice 1 2 3 4: 1. HIPPA (health insurance portability and accountability Act 2. Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) 3. Mental Health Parity Act ( MHPA) 4. Patient Self-determination ACT (PSDA) 6. 1. Name 2 Unintetional Torts 2. Name 2 Quasi-intentional Torts 3. Name 3 Intentional Torts: 1. Negligence and malpractice 2. Breach of confidentiality and defamation of character 3. Assault (threatening), Battery (physical contact causing injury), False Imprison- ment ( confined against will) 7. Professional Negligence: 1. Not doing what a prudent TRUMAN nurse would do. Failing to complete task that an average nurse would do. 8. Client's Right: 1. understand the aspects of care to be active in the decision making process 2. Accept, refuse, or request modifications of the plan of care 3. Receive care from competent individuals who treat the client with respect 9. Advance Directives: is to communicate a client's wishes regarding end-of- life care should the client become unable to do so: PSDA: patient self-determi- nation act all patients without advance directives must be given written information 10. Advance Directive 1. Living Will 2. Durable Power of Attorney 3. Provider's order (DNR, AND): 1. legal documents that expresses patient's wish- es 2. patient designates a health care proxy to make health care decisions for them 3. Unless a DNR or AND (allow natural death) nurse will do CPR. 11. Mandatory Reporting: 1. Abuse and Communicable Diseases (TB, hepatitis A) 12. Documentation 1. SOAP 2. PIE 3. DAR: 1. Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan 2. Problem, Intervention, Evaluation 3. Data, Action, Response 13. Telephone or Verbal Prescription: 1. Have second nurse listen 2. Repeat it back with name of medication, dosage, time , and route oap, running , managing erile n the table rd any object 3. Make sure provider sign prescription within 24 hrs 14. 5 rights of delegation: 1. task 2. circumstance 3. team member 4. direction/communication (data to collect, method and timeline, specific task, expected results, for follow-up communications) 5. supervision/evaluation 15. Subjective vs Objective: Subjective: Symptoms "what the patient tells us" (including pain scale) Objective: Signs "what we see and measure" 16. Medical Asepsis/ Clean technique: 1. Handwashing (friction, s water) 15 secs or 2 minutes if visible soiled 2. to reduce the number, growth of microorganisms (oral medications nasogastric tube, providing personal hygiene) 17. How to maintain a sterile field: 1. The outer wrappings and 1-inch edges of packaging that contains sterile items are not sterile. The inner surface of the sterile drape or kit, except for that 1-inch border around the edges, is the st field to which other sterile items may be added. To position the field o surface, grasp the 1-inch border before donning sterile gloves. Disca that comes into contact with the 1-inch border 2. Consider anything below the waist and above the chest contaminated. 3. Do not reach across the sterile field, do not turn your back 18. Adult Risks of Infection: Adults have a slowed response to antibiotic therapy, slowed immune response, loss of subcutaneous tissue and thinning of the skin, decreased vascularity and slowed wound healing, decreased cough and gag reflexes, chronic illnesses, decreased gastric acid pro- duction, decreased mobility, bowel and bladder incontinence, dementia, and greater incidence of inva- sive devices such as a urinary catheter or feeding tube. 19. Sign and Symptoms of Generalized or systemic infection: 1. fever 2. presence of chills/diaphoresis 3. increased pulse and respiratory rate 4. malaise 5. fatigue 6. anorexia, nausea, and vomiting 7. abdominal cramping and diarrhea 8. enlarged lymph nodes 20. Standard Precautions: Tier 1: 1. applies to all body fluids, nonintact skin, and mucous membrane. 2. Gloves 3. Masks and eye protection, and face shield only required if splash expected 21. Transmission Precautions: Tier 2: 1. airborne 2. droplet 3. contact 22. Airborne precautions: airborne precautions to protect against droplet in- fections smaller than 5 mcg: 1. Private Room 2. Masks and Respiratory devices 3. N95 HEPA (TB) 4. Negative Pressure Room 5. Full face (eye, nose, mouth) protection if splashing 23. Droplet Precautions: protect against droplets larger than 5 mcg and travel 3 to 6 ft from the client (streptococcal pharyngitis or pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae type B, scarlet fever, rubella, pertussis, mumps, mycoplasma pneu- monia, meningococcal pneumonia and sepsis, pneumonic plague).: 1. Private Room or with patient with same infection 2. Masks for providers and visitors 24. Contact Precautions: protect visitors and caregivers when they are within 3 ft of the client against direct client and environmental contact infections (respiratory syncy- tial virus, shigella, enteric diseases caused by micro-organisms, wound infections, herpes sim- plex, impetigo, scabies, multidrug-resistant organisms).: 1. Private Room or with patient with same infection ported are...- 2. Gloves and gown worn by caregivers and visitors 3. disposal of infectious dressing material into a single, nonporous bag without touching the outside of the bag. 25. MRSA: TX: Vancomycin unless if its VRSA then any other antibiotic can be used. 26. Patient with airborne or droplet precautions when being trans : Surgical mask is placed 27. Guidelines to Clean Contaminated Equipment: 1. Wear gloves and mask 2. Rinse in cold water 3. Wash article in warm water and soap brush to clean corners 5. rinse with warm water 6. dry article 7. clean the equipment used and sink 8. disinfect and sterilize 9. remove gloves and perform hand hygiene 28. Herpes Zoster (Shingles): Assessment: Subjective: paresthesia, pain that is unilateral and extends horizontally along a dermatome. Objective: Vesicular, unilateral rash, rash that resolves in 14-21 days, low grade fever Nursing Care: 1. Assess/ Monitor 2. Use Air Mattress nts ly for 30-60 3. Strict wound care precautions 4. Avoid exposure with infants, children, immunocompromised patie 5. Moisten dressing with cool tap water or 5% aluminum acetate app minutes (4-6 x per day) Medications: ANALGESTICS (NSAIDS) & ANTIVIRAL (-VIR) ACLOVIR 29. Stages of Infection 1. Incubation 2.Prodromal 3. Illness 4. Convalescence: 1. the pathogen entering the body and the presentation of the 1st symptom 2. onset of general symptoms to more distinct symptoms 3. symptoms specific to the infection 4. acute symptoms disappear. Total recovery days-months 30. Risk Factors for Safety: 1. Age 2. Mobility 3. Cognitive and sensory 4.Emotional 5.Ability to communicate 6. lifestyle and safety awareness 31. Safety Risk for... 1. Infant/ Toddlers 2.Preschoolers/ School Age 3. Adolescents 4.Young / Middle Adults 5. Older Adults: 1. Aspiration, suffocation, poisoning, falls, motor vehicle, burns 2. Drowning, MVI, firearms, Play injury, burns, poison 3. DUI, Burns 4. Depression 5. Physical, cognitive, and sensory changes nocturia, incontinence, vision and hearing, 32. Home safety: -remove throw rugs, loose carpets, (fall hazards) -electrical cords behind furniture -monitor gait balance and providing aids -make sure sidewalks and steps in good shape -place grab bars near toilet, tub -nonskid mats in tub or shower - shower chair in shower and bedside commode -lighting is adequate. 33. Oxygen/Fire Safety: -correct storing of equipment -Place no smoking sign near the front door -have visitor or family smoke outside -electrical equipment has to be grounded -replacing bedding that generate static electricity (wool, nylon, synthetic) with cotton - keeping heating oil and nail polish remover, away from the client when oxygen is in use - have fire extinguisher readily and create exit route 34. Semi Fowlers: 35. Fowlers: 36. High Fowlers: 37. Supine/ Dorsal: 38. Prone Position: 39. Lateral or side-lying: 40. Sim's/ Semi-prone: 41. Orthopneic: 42. Trendelenburg: 43. Reverse Trendelenburg: 44. Modified Trendelenburg: 45. Safety Risks for Pre-Scholers: drowning, motor vehicle injury, firearms, play injury, burns, poison