NEW COMMUNITY ANDPUBLIC HEALTH NURSING= 10TH EDITION 2023 RECTOR TEST BANK Chapter 1

NEW COMMUNITY ANDPUBLIC HEALTH NURSING= 10TH EDITION 2023 RECTOR TEST BANK Chapter 1 The Journey Begins: Introduction 1. After teaching a group of nursing students about the similarities and differences between public health and community health, which of the following statements by a nursing student would indicate knowledge of the similarities and differences between public health and community health? A) “Community health nursing is defined as nursing care that is provided in a community setting, ratherthan an institutionalsetting.” B) “Public health nursing is defined as nursing care that is provided in an institutional setting.” C) “Public health nursing is focused on the healthof individuals.” D) “Community health nursing can shape the quality of community health services and improve the healthofthe general public.” Ans: D Feedback: Operating within an environment of rapid change and increasingly complex challenges, this nursing specialty holdsthe potential to shape the quality of community health services and improve the health of the general public. 2. Which of the following statements would best describe the difference between public health nursing and community health nursing? A) Public health nursing is focused on the private aspects of health, and community health nursing is focusedonthe publicaspects of health. B) In our textbook, the term community health practice refers to a focus on specific, designated communities and is apart of the larger public health effort. C) Public health nursing and community health nursing relate to the very same types of services and perspectives. D) Both public health nursing and community health nursing are practiced exclusively within institutions. Ans: B Feedback: In this textbook, community health practice refers to a focus on specific, designated communities. It is a part of the larger public health effort and recognizes the fundamental concepts and principles of public health as its birthright and foundation for practice. Public health nursing is focused on the public aspects of health. Public health nursing and community health nursing have distinctive types of services and perspectives. Neither public health nursing nor community health nursing is practiced excl usively within institutions. 3. Which of the following is most accurate about the concept of community? A) A community is a collection of people who share some important features of theirlives. B) Community members live in the same geographic location. C) Community members are biologically related. D) A community is made up of people who do not necessarily interact with one another and do not necessarily share asense of belonging to that group. Ans: A Feedback: The broad definition of a community is a collection of people who share some important features of their lives. Community members may not live in the same geographic location as in a common-interest community ora community ofsolution. A population ismade up of people who do not necessarily interact with one another and do not necessarily share a sense of belonging to that group. 4. A group of students are reviewing material for a test on populations, communities, and aggregates.Whichofthe following indicates that the students understand these concepts? A) Members of a population share a sense of belonging. B) Communities and populations are types of aggregates. C) Individuals of a community are loosely connected. D) Members of an aggregate share a strong bond. Ans: B Feedback: An aggregate refersto a mass of grouping of distinctindividuals who are considered as a whole and who are loosely associated with one another. Communities and populations are types of aggregates. A population is made up of people who do not necessarily interact with one another and do not necessarily share asense of belonging to the group. A community is a collection of people who chose to interact with one another because of common interests, characteristics, orgoals,which formthe basisfor a sense of unity or belonging. 5. Which of the following would a community health nurse identify as a community of common interest? A) The global community B) Small rural town in a northern state C) National professional organization D) Counties addressingwaterpollutionAns: C Feedback: A common-interest community shares a common interest or goal that binds the members together. Membership in a national professional organization is one example. The global communityand a small rural town in a northern state would be examples of a geographic community. Counties addressing awaterpollution problemwould be an example of a community of solution. 6. The nurse is working with a community of solution. Which of the following would the nurse expectto find? A) A health problem affecting the group B) Common goal binding members together C) Sharing of a similar goal D) Locational boundaries Ans: A Feedback: A community of solution involves a group of people coming togetherto solve a problem that affects them. A common-interest community involves a collection of people widely scattered geographically who have an interest or goal that binds the members together. A geographical community isone definedby its geographical orlocational boundaries. 7. Which one of the following statements made by a student would the nurse educator recognize as evidence thatastudent understands the health continuum? A) The distinction between health and illness is well demarcated. B) Illness refersto a state of being relatively unhealthy. C) The term health is limited to reflect an individual's state. D) Treatment of acute conditions reflects the currentfocus of health care. Ans: B Feedback: Although society typically depicts an absolute line of difference between being either well or ill, health is considered a relative term. Thus, illness is viewed as a state of being relatively unhealthy. Health is typically described as a continuum that involves a range of degrees from optimal health at one end to total disabilityor death at the other. The line of demarcation is not clear. Health appliesto individuals, families, and communities. Traditionally, most health care hasfocused on the treatment of acute and chronic conditions at the illness end of the continuum, but this emphasis is shiftingto focuson the wellness end. 8. When discussing the concept of the health continuum with a class, the nurse educator would be certainto include whichstatement in the description? A) Wellness is a relative concept, not an absolute, and illness is a state of being relatively unhealthy. B) A client's placement on the health continuum is static throughout time. C) Health is best described as cyclic. D) The health continuum can only be applied to individuals.Ans: A Feedback: Wellness is a relative concept, not an absolute, and illness is a state of being relatively unhealthy. The continuum can change. Because health involves a range of degrees from optimal health at one end to total disability or death at the other, it is often described as a continuum. The health continuum applies not only to individualsbut also to families and communities. 9. After discussing the leading health indicators with a class, which condition if stated by the class as one of these indicatorssuggeststhat the class has understood the information? A) Cardiac disease B) Mental health C) Sedentary lifestyle D) Maternal health care Ans: B Feedback: Mental health is a leading health indicator. Otherleading health indicators include physical activity, overweight and obesity, tobacco use, substance use, responsible sexual behavior, injury andviolence, environmental quality, immunization, and accessto health care. 10. Which of the following statements about health promotion and disease prevention is the most accurate? A) Health promotion and disease prevention include all efforts that seek to move people closer to optimal well-beingorhigherlevels of wellness. B) Disease prevention differs from health promotion in that disease prevention is targeted toward a specificdiseaseordiseases. C) Health promotion can be described in terms of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. D) The goal of disease prevention is to raise levels of wellness for individuals, families, populations, and communities. Ans: B Feedback: Health promotion includes all efforts that seek to move people closer to optimal well- being or higher levelsof wellness. The goal of health promotion isto raise levels of wellnessfor individuals, families, populations, and communities. Disease prevention is targeted toward a specific disease ordiseases andconsists of primary,secondary, and tertiary prevention. 11. A group of community health nursing students design a health education program for a group of pregnant teens that includes teaching nutrition during pregnancy, demonstrating helpful exercises, and discussingtheirconcerns. Thisis an example of which of the following? A) Health promotion B) Treatment of disorders C) Rehabilitation D) Evaluation Ans: A Feedback: The student nurses are engaging in health promotion activities. Health promotion incorporates all efforts that seek to move people closer to optimal well-being or to higher levels of wellness. Treatment of disorders would include direct care for issues involving the group, such as complications that might arise inthis population. Rehabilitation would involve activities to minimize disability or restore or preserve function. Evaluation wouldinvolvean analysisofthe effectiveness ofthese activities. 12. plan of primary prevention activities. Which of the following might the nurse include? Select all that apply. A) Teaching about safe-sex practices to high school students B) Encouraging older adults to install safety devicesin the bathroom C) Providing regular immunization programs for communicable diseases D) Participating in cholesterol screening programs at health fairs E) Providing skin testing for tuberculosis for children over1 yearof age F) Working with a group testing water samples for contamination Ans: A, B, C Feedback: Primary prevention activities are those taken to keep illness orinjuries from occurring. These include teaching about safe-sex practices, encouraging older adults to use safety devices in the bathroom, and providing regular immunization programs for communicable diseases. Cholesterol screening programs, skin tests for tuberculosis, and working with a group testing water samples for contaminationare examples ofsecondary prevention activities. 13. A community health nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of nursing students about community health nursing. Which of the following descriptions about community health nursing would the nursemost likely include in the presentation? A) Focusing on addressing continuous needs B) Working with the client as an equal partner C) Engaging in tertiary prevention as the priority D) Encouraging clients to reach out to the nurse Ans: B Feedback: The community health nurse works with the client as an equal partner, encouraging autonomy. At any time, the nurse deals with continuous and episodic needs simultaneously. Primary prevention is the priority for community health nurses. The community health nurse engages in primary prevention as the priority, having the obligation to actively reach out to all who might benefit from a specific activity or service. 14. A community health nurse is working with other members of a team that will be implementing a citywide immunization program. The nurse is coordinating the services and addressing the needs of the populationgroupsto ensure whichofthe following? A) Involvement of the community B) Client participation C) Continuity of service D) Plan for follow-up Ans: C Feedback: Working in cooperation with other team members and coordinating services and addressing the needs of population groups are essential to interprofessional collaboration. In doing so, the community heal th nurse is preventing fragmentation and gaps thereby ensuring continuity of service. Involvement of the community andclient participation are important but these help to ensure that the clients are viewed as equal partners of the health care team. A plan for follow-up may or may not be appropriate. In addition, it is the only aspect that may be addressed with the program. 15. A community health nurse works to ensure the greatest good for the greatest number of people by applyingwhichofthe following? A) Secondary prevention activities B) Autonomy C) Justice D) Utilitarianism Ans: D Feedback: The ethical theory of utilitarianism promotesthe greatest good forthe greatest number. Primary prevention activities, not secondary prevention, are the priority. Autonomy refers to the freedomof choice. Justice involvestreating people fairly. 16. When working in the community, the community health nurse adopts the teaching plan to ensure thatthe populationunderstands the basic information provided to address which of the following? A) Self-care B) Health disparities C) Health literacy D) Episodic needs Ans: C Feedback: Consumers are often intimated by health professionals and are uninformed about health and health care affecting the quality of care. Adopting a teaching plan to ensure that the population understands the basic information addresses health literacy, the ability to read, understand, and use health care information appropriately. Doing so helps to ensure that the teaching plan will be effective. Self-care refers to the process of taking responsibility for developing one's own health potential by actively parti cipating in promoting one's own health. Health disparities reflect differences in all aspects of health care related to vulnerable populations. Episodicneeds are one-time specific negative health events that arise and are not an expected part of life. 17. Which of the following would be crucial forthe community health nurse to address asthe priority when dealingwith policymakers aboutthe development of community health programs?