CRITICAL CARE EXAM 3 FINALS 2023/2024

CRITICAL CARE EXAM 3 FINALS 2023/2024 Question 1 of 10The patient is admitted with severe abdominal pain due to pancreatitis. The patient asks the nurse, "What causes this? Why does it hurt so much?" The nurse should answer: (Points : 1) "Pancreatitis is extremely rare and no one knows why it causes pain." "Pancreatitis is caused by diabetes; you should be checked." "Injury to certain cells in the pancreas causes it to digest (eat) itself, causing pain." "The pain is localized to the pancreas. Fortunately, it will not affect anything else." - CORRECT ANSWERC The nurse is caring for a patient with severe pancreatitis and who is orally intubated and on mechanical ventilation. The patient's calcium level this morning was 5.5 mg/dL. The nurse notifies the provider and: (Points : 1) places the patient on seizure precautions expects that the provider will come and remove the endotracheal tube. withhold any further calcium treatments. place an oral airway at the bedside. - CORRECT ANSWER-A 9-10 calcium The patient is diagnosed with hepatitis. In caring for this patient, the nurse should: (Points : 1) administer anti inflammatory medications. provide rest, nutrition, and antiemetics if needed. provide antianxiety medications freely to decrease agitation. instruct the patient to take over-the-counter antiinflammatory medications at home. - CORRECT ANSWER-B Vascular sounds such as bruits, heard in the abdomen during physical assessment, may indicate which of the following? (Select all that apply.) (Points : 1) Obstructed portal circulation Dilated vessels Tortuous vessels Constricted vessels Presence of an abscess - CORRECT ANSWER-BCD The nurse is caring for a critically ill patient with respiratory failure who is being treated with mechanical ventilation. As part of the patient's care to prevent stress ulcers, the nurse would provide: (Select all that apply.) (Points : 1) vagal stimulation proton pump inhibitors. anticholinergic drugs antacids. cholinergic drugs. - CORRECT ANSWER-BCD When caring for the patient with upper GI bleeding, the nurse assesses for which of the following? (Select all that apply.) (Points : 1) Severity of blood loss Hemodynamic stability Vital signs every 30 minutes Signs of hypervolemic shock Necessity for fluid resuscitation - CORRECT ANSWER-ABE A 20-year-old female with a history of type 1diabetes and an eating disorder is found unconscious. In the emergency department, the following lab values are obtained: Glucose648 mg/dL pH6.88 PaCO220 mm Hg PaO295 mm Hg HCO3- undetectable Anion gap>31 Na+127 mEq/L K+ 3.5 mEq/L Creatinine1.8 mg/dLAfter the patient's airway and ventilation have been established, the next priority for this patient is: (Points : 1) administration of a 1-L normal saline fluid bolus. administration of 0.1 unit of regular insulin IV push followed by an insulin infusion. administration of 20 mEq KCl in 100 mL. IV push administration of 1 amp of sodium bicarbonate. - CORRECT ANSWER-A Which of the following are appropriate nursing interventions for the patient in myxedema coma? (Select all that apply.) (Points : 1) Administer levothyroxine (Synthroid) as ordered. Encourage the intake of foods high in sodium. Initiate passive rewarming interventions Monitor airway and respiratory effort. Monitor urine osmolality - CORRECT ANSWER-ADE Question 9 of 10What psychosocial factors may potentially contribute to the development of diabetic ketoacidosis? (Select all that apply.) (Points : 1) Altered sleep/rest patterns Eating disorder Exposure to influenza High levels of stress Lack of financial resources - CORRECT ANSWER-ABDE Factors associated with the development of nephrogenic diabetes insipidus include which of the following? (Select all that apply.) (Points : 1) Heredity Medications, including phenytoin (Dilantin) and lithium carbonate Meningitis Pituitary tumors Sickle cell disease - CORRECT ANSWER-ABE An 18-year-old unrestrained passenger who sustained multiple traumatic injuries from a motor vehicle crash has a blood pressure of 80/60 mm Hg at the scene. This patient should be treated at which level trauma center? (Points : 1) Level I Level II Level III Level IV - CORRECT ANSWER-A Question 2 of 10Fluid resuscitation is an important component of managing the trauma patient. Which of the following statements are true regarding the care of a trauma patient? (Select all that apply.) (Points : 1) 5% Dextrose is recommended for rapid crystalloid infusion. IV fluids may need to be warmed to prevent hypothermia. Massive transfusions should be avoided to improve patient outcomes. Only fully cross-matched blood products are administered. - CORRECT ANSWER-BC Trauma patients are at high risk for multiple complications not only due to the mechanism of injury but also due to the patients' long-term management. Which of the following statements apply to trauma patients? (Select all that apply.)(Points : 1) Indwelling urinary catheters are a source of infection. Patients often develop infection and sepsis secondary to central line catheters. Pneumonia is often an adverse outcome of mechanical ventilation. Wounds require sterile dressings to prevent infection - CORRECT ANSWER-ABC It is important to prevent hypothermia in the trauma patient because hypothermia is associated with which of the following? (Select all that apply.) (Points : 1) ARDS Coagulopathies Dysrhythmias Myocardial dysfunction - CORRECT ANSWER-BCD Which of the following statements about the pain management of a burn victim are true? (Select all that apply.) (Points : 1) Additional pain medication may be needed because of rapid body metabolism Pain medication should be given before procedures such as debridement, dressing changes, and physical therapy. Patients with a history of drug and alcohol abuse will require higher doses of pain medication. The intramuscular route is preferred for pain medication administration - CORRECT ANSWER-ABC An autograft is used to optimally treat a partial- or full-thickness wound that: (Select all that apply.)(Points : 1) involves a joint. involves the face, hands, or feet. is infected. requires more than 2 weeks for healing - CORRECT ANSWER-ABD The family of a critically ill patient has asked to discuss organ donation with the patient's nurse. When preparing to answer the family's questions, the nurse understands which concern(s) most often influence a family's decision to donate? (Select all that apply.) (Points : 1) Donor disfigurement influences on funeral care Fear of inferior medical care provided to donor Age and location of all possible organ recipients Concern that donated organs will not be used Fear that the potential donor may not be deceased Concern over financial costs associated with donation - CORRECT ANSWER-ABEF